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    VIRGOCosmos In Brief - Aktualní novinky vesmírného výzkumu v kostce
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    ZUULLUU: Taky přidám jeden čerstvý..

    Defying cosmic convention | ESA/Hubble
    http://www.spacetelescope.org/images/potw1712a/

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    Astronomers investigate a mysterious isolated star cluster complex
    https://phys.org/news/2017-03-astronomers-mysterious-isolated-star-cluster.html

    Astronomers have inspected a mysterious isolated star cluster complex designated SH2 in the galaxy NGC 1316 (also known as Fornax A).
    The results of their study, which were published Mar. 1 in a paper on arXiv.org, reveal important insights into the nature of this complex,
    providing crucial information about its origin.

    Located some 62 million years away in the constellation Fornax, NGC 1316 is one of the brightest radio sources in the sky, classified as
    a lenticular radio galaxy. While the galaxy is dominated by old and intermediate-age stars, it shows signs of previous galaxy interactions.
    However, the only indicator of current star formation in this galaxy is the HII region SH2.

    This peculiar isolated star cluster complex is located in the southern outskirts of NGC 1316. With a ring-like morphology and an estimated
    age of about 100 million years, SH2 contains approximately 100 young star clusters. Although this complex has been the subject of few studies
    in the past, its origin still remains a mystery.

    VIRGO
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    Does Mars Have Rings? Not Right Now, But Maybe One Day
    https://www.nasa.gov/feature/jpl/does-mars-have-rings-not-right-now-but-maybe-one-day

    As children, we learned about our solar system's planets by certain characteristics -- Jupiter is the largest, Saturn has rings, Mercury is
    closest to the sun. Mars is red, but it's possible that one of our closest neighbors also had rings at one point and may have them again someday.

    That's the theory put forth by NASA-funded scientists at Purdue University, Lafayette, Indiana, whose findings were published in the journal
    Nature Geoscience. David Minton and Andrew Hesselbrock developed a model that suggests that debris that was pushed into space from an asteroid or
    other body slamming into Mars around 4.3 billion years ago alternates between becoming a planetary ring and clumping together to form a moon.

    One theory suggests that Mars' large North Polar Basin or Borealis Basin - which covers about 40 percent of the planet in its northern hemisphere -
    was created by that impact, sending debris into space.

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    Near-Earth asteroid 2017 FK very close encounter: an image (20 Mar. 2017) - The Virtual Telescope Project 2.0
    http://www.virtualtelescope.eu/.../20/near-earth-asteroid-2017-fk-close-encounter-image-20-mar-2017/

    The near-Earth asteroid 2017 FK was discovered by the Mt. Lemmon Survey in Arizona (USA) on 17 March 2017.
    Today it had a very close, but safe encounter with the Earth (about 650.000 km).

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    English Portal - The rotation axes of stars tell us about how they were born
    http://www.cea.fr/...ish/Pages/News/The-rotation-axes-of-stars-tell-us-about-how-they-were-born.aspx

    Using asteroseismology, an international research team including CEA, CNRS and the Université Grenoble-Alpes discovered a surprising alignment
    of the rotation axes of stars in open clusters, shedding light on the conditions in which stars are formed in our galaxy. Using data from Nasa's
    Kepler mission, this result was obtained by studying a group of red giants in two old open clusters in the Milky Way. It was published on 13 March
    2017 on the front page of Nature Astronomy.

    VIRGO
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    Neutron Star Binary Mergers
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_R0mCWaSmao
    VIRGO
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    Rover Crushes A Small Dark Rock

    Near the end of its drive on mission Sol 1636 Curiosity drove its front right wheel onto a small mudstone outcrop, before reversing off a short
    distance to its end of drive location. While driving onto the outcrop, a small dark rock appears to have been crushed by the rover's wheel, the
    edge of the mudstone outcrop was also slightly damaged. This damage allows the rover team to see the interesting interiors. The team commanding
    the rover to target the damaged area with its Mars Hand Lens Imager (MAHLI camera) and created this focus merged close-up. We can see small
    voids in the small dark rock. so it will be interesting to see how the geologists interpret the rock type.

    Curiosity performed that focus merge on the 17th of March 2017, Sol 1639. The reported focus motor count position was 13648 and has been used to
    calculate the scale bar, I have added a checkered border to the image using the same scale, each unit of that scale is equal to one millimeter.

    https://www.flickr.com/photos/105796482@N04/33365889822/sizes/o

    VIRGO
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    More Unusual Light Curves from Kepler
    http://aasnova.org/2017/03/17/more-unusual-light-curves-from-kepler/

    Twenty-three new objects have been added to the growing collection of stars observed to have unusual dips
    in their light curves. A recent study examines these stars and the potential causes of their strange behavior.

    VIRGO
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    Cosmological ruler could help us get the measure of dark energy | New Scientist
    https://www.newscientist.com/...950-cosmological-ruler-could-help-us-get-the-measure-of-dark-energy/

    Measuring cosmological distances is tricky at the best of times, but it is even harder if your ruler isn’t up to scratch. A new cosmological
    standard ruler could make the difference – and help astrophysicists figure out why the universe is expanding at an accelerating rate.

    Ever since we realised that the universe’s expansion is accelerating – a discovery that won Adam Riess and his colleagues the 2011 Nobel prize
    in physics – we have been trying to work out why. The phenomenon is usually put down to the existence of dark energy, a mysterious force that
    appears to be pushing the universe’s matter further and further apart.

    Accurate measurements of how the distance between clusters of galaxies has changed over time could tell us whether the effect of dark energy
    on the universe is increasing. But our current way of measuring this has a problem: it relies on assumptions that are difficult to check.
    VIRGO
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    ALMA's ability to see a 'cosmic hole' confirmed
    https://phys.org/news/2017-03-alma-ability-cosmic-hole.html

    Researchers using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) successfully imaged a radio "hole" around a galaxy cluster 4.8 billion light-years away.
    This is the highest resolution image ever taken of such a hole caused by the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect (SZ effect). The image proves ALMA's high capability to
    investigate the distribution and temperature of gas around galaxy clusters through the SZ effect.

    A research team led by Tetsu Kitayama, Toho University, Japan, and Eiichiro Komatsu, Max Planck Institute for Astrophysics, Germany, used ALMA to investigate the hot
    gas in a galaxy cluster. The hot gas is a key component to understand the nature and evolution of galaxy clusters. Even though the hot gas does not emit radio waves
    itself, which would be detectable with ALMA, the gas scatters the radio waves of the Cosmic Microwave Background and makes a "hole" around the galaxy cluster. This
    is called the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect (Note).

    The team observed the galaxy cluster RX J1347.5-1145 located 4.8 billion light-years away. This galaxy cluster is well known among astronomers for its strong SZ
    effect and has been observed many times with radio telescopes. These observations revealed an uneven distribution of the hot gas in this galaxy cluster, which was
    not seen in X-ray observations. Astronomers therefore needed higher resolution observations; these however, were difficult to obtain with high-resolution radio
    interferometers as the hot gas in galaxy clusters is relatively smooth and widely-distributed.

    VIRGO
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    Elon Musk & Neil Tyson say reality may be a simulation. Sabine Hossenfelder explains why they're probably wrong.

    Backreaction: No, we probably don’t live in a computer simulation
    http://backreaction.blogspot.cz/2017/03/no-we-probably-dont-live-in-computer.html
    VIRGO
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    Saturn on March 15th as seen by Cassini with processing of Kevin M. Gill.
    Assembled using raw uncalibrated red, green, and blue filtered images of Saturn taken by Cassini on March 15 2017.
    NASA/JPL-Caltech/SSI/Kevin M. Gill https://www.flickr.com/photos/kevinmgill/33111484100/

    VIRGO
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    Ještě se vrátím k jedné z hedlajn tohoto týdne, teď z druhé strany.
    Pod článkem uvádím Rhysyho post, a doporučuji i diskuzi v komentech.

    Less dark matter in distant galaxies? | Max Planck Society
    https://www.mpg.de/11170451/early-galaxies-dark-matter
    Milky Way systems in the early universe consist mainly of gas and stars

    RT: This is rather odd, since there's supposedly much more dark matter than normal matter in the Universe, with its total mass being responsible
    for forming the large-scale structures (filaments of galaxies and galaxy clusters) within the lifetime of the observable Universe. Without that
    extra mass it's hard to get these structures to form in the given time. Galaxy formation is often envisaged as being a process of how normal
    matter gets into dark matter halos and starts forming stars. Since those halos can merge over time this becomes tremendously complicated.
    So it's not outside the realm of possibility that earlier galaxies would have less dark matter, but it is odd.

    Více zde: https://plus.google.com/u/0/+RhysTaylorRhysy/posts/NDH5uNBwwAL

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    Hubble Discovery of Runaway Star Yields Clues to Breakup of Multiple-Star System
    https://www.nasa.gov/...le-discovery-of-runaway-star-yields-clues-to-breakup-of-multiple-star-system

    As British royal families fought the War of the Roses in the 1400s for control of England's throne,
    a grouping of stars was waging its own contentious skirmish — a star war far away in the Orion Nebula.

    The stars were battling each other in a gravitational tussle, which ended with the system breaking apart and at least three stars
    being ejected in different directions. The speedy, wayward stars went unnoticed for hundreds of years until, over the past few decades,
    two of them were spotted in infrared and radio observations, which could penetrate the thick dust in the Orion Nebula.

    VIRGO
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    Oldest Fossils Ever Found Give New Clues to Life’s Origins - D-brief
    http://blogs.discovermagazine.com/d-brief/2017/03/01/oldest-fossils-ever-found/#.WLcSMRIrIkg

    Four billion years ago, as a faint young sun beat down on the newly-formed Earth,
    a cluster of creatures—each less than half the width of a human hair—were already thriving around volcanic vents.

    In a study published Wednesday in Nature, researchers say they’ve found the microfossil remnants of organisms that,
    if confirmed, lived at least 3.77 billion years ago.

    VIRGO
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    What if the very fabric of space and time was a code, or a language? A team of physicists and mathematicians
    with Los Angeles based Quantum Gravity Research are developing a new first-principles unified "theory of everything"
    they call Emergence Theory. Emergence Theory attempts to unify, through mathematical and scientific rigor, the theory
    of relativity, quantum mechanics... and consciousness.

    What Is Reality?
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w0ztlIAYTCU
    VIRGO
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    2016: A Year of Discovery at the Carl Sagan Center of the SETI Institute | SETI Institute
    http://www.seti.org/2016-year-of-discovery-carl-sagan-center

    Download: http://www.seti.org/sites/default/files/csc-publications-presentations-2016.pdf
    VIRGO
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    https://www.facebook.com/SETIInstitute/videos/vb.67487330534/10154972650955535/?type=2&theater

    Asteroids, comets, and meterors

    We were live today from the SETI Institute discussing planetary defense discussing the facinating topic of asteroids,
    comets, and meterors with SETI Institute researcher Peter Jenniskens, SETI Institute CEO Bill Diamond, and SETI Institute
    Trustee @Jonathan Knowlesn.
    VIRGO
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    Čerstvý DA a o5 zajímavé téma: TESS
    NASA's TESS Mission Update
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=KonyrQd9F3I


    A přidám klasický "meanwhile at" MIT Labs:
    Assembly has been completed for both TESS Solar Array Drive Assemblies
    (SADA) that will soon ship to Orbital ATK for integration!

    VIRGO
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    VIRGO:
    'Meteor' causes panic in Pakistan's mountainous north - Pakistan - DAWN.COM
    https://www.dawn.com/news/1320862/meteor-causes-panic-in-pakistans-mountainous-north

    A suspected meteor lit up the skies above Pakistan's mountainous north late Wednesday, officials said,
    with panicked residents reporting a mysterious light whizzing past and the sound of multiple, powerful blasts.

    The incident occurred around 9:00pm, when citizens in the city of Gilgit and the surrounding Ghizer and Diamer
    districts saw the bright object racing through the night sky above the region's remote, soaring mountains.

    Huge Bolide Meteor - Very loud sonic boom from the Sky rattles Houses in Gilgit-Baltistan / Pakistan
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=9PJZU9Eh_vs
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