• úvod
  • témata
  • události
  • tržiště
  • diskuze
  • nástěnka
  • přihlásit
    registrace
    ztracené heslo?
    VIRGOCosmos In Brief - Aktualní novinky vesmírného výzkumu v kostce




    For every complex question, there's a simple answer that's completely wrong.
    rozbalit záhlaví
    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    Astronomers See Light Show Associated With Gravitational Waves2017-30 | www.cfa.harvard.edu/
    https://www.cfa.harvard.edu/news/2017-30

    Marking the beginning of a new era in astrophysics, scientists have detected gravitational waves and electromagnetic radiation,
    or light, from the same event for the first time. This historic discovery reveals the merger of two neutron stars, the dense cores
    of dead stars, and resolves the debate about how the heaviest elements such as platinum and gold were created in the Universe.

    To achieve this remarkable result, thousands of scientists around the world have worked feverishly using data from telescopes on
    the ground and in space. Researchers at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA) in Cambridge, Mass., have played
    a pivotal role. A series of eight papers led by CfA astronomers and their colleagues detail the complete story of the aftermath
    of this event and examine clues about its origin.

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    A 3D step towards sorting out the Gamma-Ray Bursts zoo — English
    http://www.inaf.it/en/inaf-news/gold-grb

    A powerful tool for characterizing and classifying gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) to allow their use as tracers of the expansion
    history of the universe has recently been presented by an international team of researchers led by Dr. Maria Dainotti

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SCMyfrOKnU0

    http://www.skyandtelescope.com/...dickinson/asteroid-2012-tc4-set-to-zip-past-the-earth-on-thursday/

    A small space rock designated 2012 TC4 will pass 31,180 miles (50,180 kilometers from the Earth over the southern Pacific Ocean on Thursday, October 12,
    2017 at 1:42 a.m. EDT / 5:42 Universal Time (UT). Moving at 7.6 kilometers per second relative to the Earth at closest approach, this house-sized rock is
    about 13 meters in diameter, a little smaller than the 20-meter meteor which exploded over Chelyabinsk, Russia on February 15, 2013.



    http://www.astrowatch.net/2017/10/close-approach-of-asteroid-2012-tc4_10.html

    Calculations revealed by JPL in July 2017 indicated that 2012 TC4 could pass as close as 4,200 miles (6,800 kilometers). These results were based on only
    seven days of tracking of this asteroid after it was discovered. However, new observations of this space rock conducted at the European Southern Observatory
    (ESO) by Olivier Hainaut, Detlef Koschny and Marco Micheli of the European Space Agency (ESA) in July and August 2017, show different estimates.

    “The new calculations indicate that TC4 will fly safely past our planet on Oct. 12, at a distance of about 43,500 kilometers (27,000 miles) above the surface,
    or about one-eighth of the distance to the Moon,” JPL informed. Therefore, new data provided by the latest observational campaign exclude the possibility of
    2012 TC4 hitting our planet. Harris underlines that even if this asteroid crashed into Earth it would not cause any major damage.

    “It is small enough (about the size of the Chelyabinsk meteor) that even if it impacted it would be unlikely to cause any major damage. Recall that the Chelyabinsk
    meteor only caused substantial damage and injuries because it chanced to hit over a populated area. Over most of the Earth's area, it would have been completely
    harmless,” Harris said.

    https://www.virtualtelescope.eu/webtv/

    http://spaceweathergallery.com/indiv_upload.php?upload_id=139842



    http://spaceweathergallery.com/indiv_upload.php?upload_id=139841

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    The Prospect of Neutrinos with Gravitational Waves
    http://aasnova.org/2017/10/09/the-prospect-of-neutrinos-with-gravitational-waves/

    With the first detection of gravitational waves in 2015, scientists celebrated the opening of a new window to the universe.
    But multi-messenger astronomy — astronomy based on detections of not just photons, but other signals as well — was not a new
    idea at the time: we had already detected tiny, lightweight neutrinos emitted from astrophysical sources. Will we be able to
    combine observations of neutrinos and gravitational waves in the future to provide a deeper picture of astrophysical events?

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    China's huge new FAST radio telescope discovers two new pulsars
    https://gbtimes.com/chinas-huge-new-fast-radio-telescope-discovers-two-new-pulsars

    Chinese scientists working on the 500m FAST telescope have announced the discovery of two new pulsars,
    marking the first confirmed finds from the world's largest radio telescope.

    The new pulsars PSR J1859-01 and PSR J1931-02, also referred to as FAST pulsar #1 and #2 (FP1 and FP2),
    were detected on August 22 and 25, and were confirmed by the Parkes telescope in Australia on September 10.

    “FP1 is a pulsar with a spin period of 1.83 second and an estimated distance of 16 thousand light-years,
    and FP2, is a pulsar with a spin period of 0.59 second and an estimated distance of 4,100 light years,”
    said Li Di, Deputy Chief Engineer of FAST Project at the National Astronomical Observatories (NAOC).

    PANTARIL
    PANTARIL --- ---
    Half the universe’s missing matter has just been finally found | New Scientist
    https://www.newscientist.com/...n=Echobox&utm_medium=Social&utm_source=Facebook#link_time=1507550067



    The missing links between galaxies have finally been found. This is the first detection of the roughly half of the normal matter in our universe – protons, neutrons and electrons – unaccounted for by previous observations of stars, galaxies and other bright objects in space.

    Both teams took advantage of a phenomenon called the Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effect that occurs when light left over from the big bang passes through hot gas

    In 2015, the Planck satellite created a map of this effect throughout the observable universe. Because the tendrils of gas between galaxies are so diffuse, the dim blotches they cause are far too slight to be seen directly on Planck’s map.

    Both teams selected pairs of galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey that were expected to be connected by a strand of baryons. They stacked the Planck signals for the areas between the galaxies, making the individually faint strands detectable en masse.

    Tanimura’s team stacked data on 260,000 pairs of galaxies, and de Graaff’s group used over a million pairs. Both teams found definitive evidence of gas filaments between the galaxies.
    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    Look up! Here's your unique chance to see a newly discovered comet - ScienceAlert
    http://www.sciencealert.com/look-up-here-s-your-unique-chance-to-see-a-newly-discovered-comet

    Binoculars at the ready!

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    JULIANNE: Moc dík za výtečný rozhovor s Christophem Sotinem! Přebil i úvodní "klasiku" pana Grygara! Skvělá práce, doporučuji všem! :)

    https://www.facebook.com/...2407170955343.1073741828.183234438539283/685987504930638/?type=3&theater
    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    Team led by UCLA astrophysicist observes primitive comet 1.5 billion miles from the sun | UCLA
    http://newsroom.ucla.edu/...a-astrophysicist-observes-primitive-comet-1-5-billion-miles-from-the-sun

    A team of astronomers led by UCLA professor David Jewitt has identified a “special comet” 1.5 billion miles from the sun.
    No other comet heading toward our sun has ever been seen at such a great distance.

    Jewitt said the discovery will enable scientists to monitor the developing activity of a comet over an extraordinary range of distances.

    C/2017 K2 (PANSTARRS), or K2 for short, is currently beyond Saturn’s orbit, and it has been traveling for millions of years from its home
    in the frigid outer reaches of the solar system, where the temperature is approximately 440 degrees below zero Fahrenheit. It was
    photographed by NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope, and the researchers’ observations were reported in the Astrophysical Journal Letters.

    K2’s orbit indicates it came from the Oort Cloud, a very large spherical region thought to contain hundreds of billions of comets.

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    You can see that from here | Penn State University
    http://news.psu.edu/story/485112/2017/10/05/research/you-can-see-here
    New telescope attachment allows ground-based observations of new worlds to rival those from space

    A new, low-cost attachment to telescopes allows previously unachievable precision in ground-based observations of exoplanets — planets beyond our solar system.
    With the new attachment, ground-based telescopes can produce measurements of light intensity that rival the highest quality photometric observations from space.
    Penn State astronomers, in close collaboration with the nanofabrication labs at RPC Photonics in Rochester, New York, created custom “beam-shaping” diffusers —
    carefully structured micro-optic devices that spread incoming light across an image — that are capable of minimizing distortions from the Earth’s atmosphere that
    can reduce the precision of ground-based observations. A paper describing the effectiveness of the diffusers appears online on Oct. 5, in the Astrophysical Journal.

    WIRC Near infrared PSF comparison
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=BaxRxqRSsAc
    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    Press Release - Surface Helium Detonation Spells End for White Dwarf - Subaru Telescope
    https://www.subarutelescope.org/Pressrelease/2017/10/04/index.html

    An international team of researchers has found evidence that the brightest stellar explosions in our Universe could be triggered by helium nuclear detonation
    near the surface of a white dwarf star. Using Hyper Suprime-Cam mounted on the Subaru Telescope, the team detected a type Ia supernova within a day after
    the explosion, and explained its behavior through a model calculated using the supercomputer ATERUI.

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    Chandra :: Photo Album :: Seeing Double: Scientists Find Elusive Giant Black Hole Pairs :: October 3, 2017
    http://chandra.harvard.edu/photo/2017/doubleagn/

    Five new pairs of merging supermassive black holes have been discovered by combining data from different telescopes.

    Models predict such growing dual supermassive black holes, but relatively few have been found.

    Researchers used Chandra observations to follow up on promising candidate mergers identified in optical and infrared studies.

    X-ray and infrared radiation is able to penetrate obscuring clouds of gas and dust that keep these black hole pairs otherwise hidden.



    A Quick Look at J140737 and J122104
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=oq5s4kuQNHY


    A Tour of Dual Black Holes
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=f7aeGT1T4xA
    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    University of Glasgow - University news - New research uncovers 90 million years of history of Martian volcano
    https://www.gla.ac.uk/news/headline_551973_en.html

    Analysis of Martian meteorites has uncovered 90 million years’ worth of new information about one of the red planet’s volcanoes –
    and helped pinpoint which volcano the meteorites came from.

    Geologists based in the UK and the USA have used advanced mass spectrometry techniques to learn more about the origins of six meteorites
    known as ‘nakhlites’ – pieces of Martian terrain which were blasted from the face of the red planet by an impact event 11 million years ago,
    then drifted through space before landing on Earth.

    Nakhlite meteorites are the second most common type of Martian meteorites. Three of the meteorites were found in Antarctica, one in the USA,
    one in northwestern Africa, and one in Egypt.

    Their findings, which show that the Martian volcano erupted at least four times over the course of 90 million years, appear in a new paper
    in the journal Nature Communications, published today (Wednesday 4 October).



    Monster volcanoes on Mars: how space rocks are helping us solve their mysteries
    https://theconversation.com/...es-on-mars-how-space-rocks-are-helping-us-solve-their-mysteries-85045

    Spacecraft have sent back stunning images and data about these volcanoes over the years, yielding an amazing amount of knowledge. We have
    learned a lot from the impact craters made by asteroids, for example, since older areas on the planet have more craters than younger areas.

    From this, scientists have concluded that the volcanoes on Mars began erupting well over 3.5 billion years ago, roughly comparable to how
    far back eruptions go on Earth. The most recent Martian eruptions are perhaps a few tens of millions of years old. No active volcanoes have
    been discovered; at least not yet.

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2017/nasa-s-webb-telescope-to-witness-galactic-infancy

    Scientists will use NASA’s James Webb Space Telescope to study sections of the sky previously observed by NASA’s Great Observatories,
    including the Hubble Space Telescope and the Spitzer Space Telescope, to understand the creation of the universe’s first galaxies and stars.

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    Milky Way’s “most-mysterious star” continues to confound | Carnegie Institution for Science
    https://carnegiescience.edu/node/2246

    The latest findings from Carnegie’s Josh Simon and Benjamin Shappee and collaborators take a longer look at the star,
    going back to 2006—before its strange behavior was detected by Kepler. Astronomers had thought that the star was only
    getting fainter with time, but the new study shows that it also brightened significantly in 2007 and 2014. These
    unexpected episodes complicate or rule out nearly all the proposed ideas to explain the star’s observed strangeness.

    Speculation to account for KIC 8462852’s dips in brightness has ranged from it having swallowed a nearby planet to
    an unusually large group of comets orbiting the star to an alien megastructure.

    In general, stars can appear to dim because a solid object like a planet or a cloud of dust and gas passes between it
    and the observer, eclipsing and effectively dimming its brightness for a time. But even before this evidence of two
    periods of increased brightness in the star’s past, the erratic dimming periods seen in KIC 8462852 were unlike anything
    astronomers had previously observed.

    Last year, Simon and Ben Montet (then at Caltech, now at University of Chicago), who is also a co-author on this current
    study, found that from 2009 to 2012, KIC 8462852 dimmed by almost 1 percent. Its brightness then dropped by an extraordinary
    2 percent over just six months, remaining at about that level for the final six months of Kepler observations.




    https://www.nasa.gov/feature/jpl/mysterious-dimming-of-tabbys-star-may-be-caused-by-dust

    One of the most mysterious stellar objects may be revealing some of its secrets at last.

    A new study using NASA's Spitzer and Swift missions, as well as the Belgian AstroLAB IRIS observatory, suggests that the cause of the dimming over long periods
    is likely an uneven dust cloud moving around the star. This flies in the face of the "alien megastructure" idea and the other more exotic speculations.

    The smoking gun: Researchers found less dimming in the infrared light from the star than in its ultraviolet light. Any object larger than dust particles would
    dim all wavelengths of light equally when passing in front of Tabby's Star.

    "This pretty much rules out the alien megastructure theory, as that could not explain the wavelength-dependent dimming," said Huan Meng, at the University of
    Arizona, Tucson, who is lead author of the new study published in The Astrophysical Journal. "We suspect, instead, there is a cloud of dust orbiting the star
    with a roughly 700-day orbital period."

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    ESA Science & Technology: Gaia data help prepare for a rare celestial alignment of Neptune's largest moon
    http://sci.esa.int/...ia-data-help-prepare-for-a-rare-celestial-alignment-of-neptune-s-largest-moon/

    On 5 October 2017, the largest moon of Neptune will pass in front of a distant star. This rare event will temporarily block
    the star's light from Earth and provide an excellent opportunity to study the moon's intriguing atmosphere. Data from ESA's
    Gaia mission is allowing astronomers to precisely plan their observations.

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    The Most Mysterious Star In the Cosmos - News Hub -
    http://news.gsu.edu/2017/10/01/the-most-mysterious-star-in-the-cosmos/

    AROUND 5 A.M. ON A TUESDAY THIS PAST MAY, Tabetha “Tabby” Boyajian sat staring at a laptop,
    cross-legged on her couch in the living room of her Baton Rouge, La., home. The coffeetable
    was cluttered with the artifacts of an all-nighter: an empty wine glass to calm her nerves
    alongside an empty coffee mug to fuel her through the night........

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    Woow!!

    A chat with Vít Kučera | ALICE Matters
    http://alicematters.web.cern.ch/?q=content%2Fnode%2F1048

    Vít Kučera has been recently awarded the 2016 ALICE thesis prize for his work on strange particle production in jets,
    which he carried out at the Charles University in Prague and the University of Strasbourg. Currently a postdoc with
    the Czech Academy of Sciences, he is continuing his research career in ALICE and is going to spend much time at CERN
    in the next years.

    When choosing his Master’s Course, he found himself hesitating between particle physics and astrophysics, since he was
    very fond of both fundamental physics and astronomy. Besides, he was a guide for an observatory. In the end, he decided
    to go for particle physics and, during his studies at the Charles University in Prague, he started a collaboration with
    ALICE. “I got very interested in heavy-ion physics, since in some way it combines my two interests: the origin of
    the universe on one side and subatomic physics on the other,” explains Vít.

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    Astronomers Reveal Evidence of Dynamical Dark Energy
    http://www.newswise.com/articles/view/682133/?sc=rssn

    An international research team, including astronomers from the University of Portsmouth, has revealed evidence of dynamical dark energy.

    The discovery, recently published in the journal Nature Astronomy, found that the nature of dark energy may not be the cosmological constant
    introduced by Albert Einstein 100 years ago, which is crucial for the study of dark energy.

    Lead author of the study Professor Gong-Bo Zhao, from the Institute of Cosmology and Gravitation (ICG) at the University of Portsmouth and
    the National Astronomical Observatories of China (NAOC), said: “We are excited to see that current observations are able to probe the dynamics
    of dark energy at this level, and we hope that future observations will confirm what we see today.”

    Kliknutím sem můžete změnit nastavení reklam