The Millennium Simulation
This N-body simulation used more than 10 billion particles to trace the evolution of the matter distribution in a cubic region of the Universe over 2 billion light-years on a side. The first results, published in the June 2 2005 issue of Nature, shows how comparing such simulated data to large observational surveys can improve our understanding of the physical processes underlying the buildup of real galaxies and black holes.
http://www.mpa-garching.mpg.de/galform/millennium/
Dark Matter Halo Visualization
High resolution simulations of the formation of individual structures in a cosmological setting are used to improve our understanding of the cooling of gas and the dynamics of galaxies.
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