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    VIRGOCosmos In Brief - Aktualní novinky vesmírného výzkumu v kostce
    VIRGO
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    Začalo naklánění
    http://www.jwst.nasa.gov/

    VIRGO
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    The local spiral structure of the Milky Way
    The local spiral structure of the Milky Way | Science Advances
    http://advances.sciencemag.org/content/2/9/e1600878.full

    The nature of the spiral structure of the Milky Way has long been debated. Only in the last decade have astronomers been able
    to accurately measure distances to a substantial number of high-mass star-forming regions, the classic tracers of spiral structure
    in galaxies. We report distance measurements at radio wavelengths using the Very Long Baseline Array for eight regions of massive
    star formation near the Local spiral arm of the Milky Way. Combined with previous measurements, these observations reveal that the
    Local Arm is larger than previously thought, and both its pitch angle and star formation rate are comparable to those of the Galaxy’s
    major spiral arms, such as Sagittarius and Perseus. Toward the constellation Cygnus, sources in the Local Arm extend for a great
    distance along our line of sight and roughly along the solar orbit. Because of this orientation, these sources cluster both on the sky
    and in velocity to form the complex and long enigmatic Cygnus X region. We also identify a spur that branches between the Local and
    Sagittarius spiral arms.

    VIRGO
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    Breakthrough focuses on planet roxima Centauri b
    http://www.geekwire.com/2016/breakthrough-watch-proxima-centauri-b/

    Extraterrestrial Life Finding Telescopes - PLANETS Foundation
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RJgojH8Xn-U
    VIRGO
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    Astronomers find a planet through a never-before-used method
    They used pulsation to confirm a long-period planet around a Kepler candidate world.
    Astronomers find a planet through a never-before-used method | Astronomy.com
    http://www.astronomy.com/news/2016/10/astronomers-find-a-planet-through-a-never-before-used-method

    Astronomers find most exoplanets from indirect signals, noticing changes in the light of the planet’s host star instead of by seeing the planet itself.
    But some stars’ light changes all on its own, making these methods tricky at best. KIC 7917485b is the first exoplanet identified around a main sequence
    A-type star from its orbital motion, and the first found near an A -typestar’s habitable zone.

    A-type stars are bigger and hotter than most stars in the Kepler catalog and tend to be noisy, changing brightness at regular intervals. This dimming and
    brightening can be hard to untangle from, for instance, a planet transiting and dimming its light. As such, while there’s no reason for A-type stars not
    to have planets, it’s been difficult for astronomers to identify them. So far, the few exoplanets found around A-type stars are either from direct imaging
    (which can only, where the planets are very far from their star, or from transits where the planets are very close to the star, where the signal is strong.
    VIRGO
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    Astronomers discover a potential new satellite of the Large Magellanic Cloud
    http://phys.org/news/2016-10-astronomers-potential-satellite-large-magellanic.html

    An international team of astronomers, led by Nicolas Martin of the Observatory of Strasbourg in France, has detected a new,
    very faint stellar system, designated SMASH 1. This compac, very faint system could be a satellite of the Large Magellanic
    Cloud (LMC). The findings are reported in a paper published Sept. 19 on arXiv.org.

    In the continuous search for satellite systems of the Magellanic Clouds, the Survey of the Magellanic Stellar History (SMASH)
    has proved to be invaluable when it comes to finding very faint LMC-bound stellar systems. The survey investigates the complex
    stellar structures of the Magellanic system—the clouds themselves, the Magellanic Bridge and the leading part of the Magellanic
    Stream. The project employs the Dark Energy Camera (DECam) mounted on the 4 m Víctor M. Blanco Telescope at the Cerro Tololo
    Inter-American Observatory (CTIO) in Chile.

    Martin's team found the new stellar system in the outskirts of the LMC while conducting a single field observation in January
    2014 under the SMASH program. The system was discovered through a visual inspection of the stellar distribution of stars that
    could correspond to red giant branch or main sequence stars.

    VIRGO
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    Detonating white dwarfs as supernovae
    http://phys.org/news/2016-10-detonating-white-dwarfs-supernovae.html

    A new mathematical model created by astrophysicists at the American Museum of Natural History details a way that dead stars called white dwarfs
    could detonate, producing a type of explosion that is instrumental to measuring the extreme distances in our universe. The mechanism, described
    in the Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, could improve our understanding of how Type Ia supernovae form.

    VIRGO
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    Fireball seen this weekend from Northern Minnesota. Photo credit: Michael Thompson.

    VIRGO
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    Gender Systematics in Telescope Time Allocation at ESO
    http://spaceref.com/news/viewsr.html?pid=49429
    VIRGO
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    Tak prozatím nic. Znovu a lépe........*

    Mike Brown: Tonight is the season finale of The Search for Planet Nine.
    Forecast is for 100% fog. Going home to make tacos for my family.

    VIRGO
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    What can moons orbiting asteroids tell us about the formation of our solar system?

    Science Today - Asteroid Moons | California Academy of Sciences
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vS0CXXqFkCQ
    VIRGO
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    YBCA: Life in Space: from Europa to Aliens
    https://www.ybca.org/whats-on/life-in-space-from-europa-to-aliens

    Join SETI (Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence) Institute astronomers Dr. Jill Tarter and Dr. Franck Marchis,
    with Jet Propulsion Laboratory Europa Project Staff Scientist and Science Communications Lead Dr. Cynthia Phillips,
    for a far-reaching discussion of the possibilities of life beyond Earth. The talk will be moderated by Charles Lindsay,
    interdisciplinary artist and director of the SETI Institute’s artist in residence program.

    VIRGO
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    Aqueous history of Mars as inferred from landed mission measurements of rocks, soils, and water ice - Arvidson - 2016 - Journal of Geophysical Research: Planets - Wiley Online Library
    http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/2016JE005079/full

    VIRGO
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    Visitors at the FAST Opening
    ATNF Daily Astronomy Picture
    http://www.atnf.csiro.au/ATNF-DailyImage/archive/2016/27-Sep-2016.html

    VIRGO
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    Comet 341P Gibbs and several Galaxies - Sky & Telescope
    http://www.skyandtelescope.com/online-gallery/comet-341p-gibbs-several-galaxies/

    VIRGO
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    Work in progress in Goddard cleanroom. Check the webbcams! http://jwst.nasa.gov/webcam.html



    VIRGO
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    Typhoon Chaba effects in Jeju, South Korea | 05 10 2016
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vebrSpfwZb0
    VIRGO
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    Compilation of meteors of September 2016
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=s63-pysciFE&feature=youtu.be
    VIRGO
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    The perfectly synchronized ALMA antennas receive the radio waves that come from
    the Universe's astronomical objects. These waves are collected at a point called 'the focal point'.

    VIRGO
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    Stretchy slabs found in the deep Earth | Geology IN
    http://www.geologyin.com/2015/11/stretchy-slabs-found-in-deep-earth.html

    A new study suggests that the common belief that the Earth's rigid tectonic plates
    stay strong when they slide under another plate, known as subduction, may not be universal.

    Typically during subduction, plates slide down at a constant rate into the warmer, less-dense mantle at a fairly steep angle.
    However, in a process called flat-slab subduction, the lower plate moves almost horizontally underneath the upper plate.

    The research, published in the journal Nature Geoscience, found that the Earth's largest flat slab, located beneath Peru, where
    the oceanic Nazca Plate is being subducted under the continental South American Plate, may be relatively weak and deforms easily.

    VIRGO
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    VIRGO
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    A 360-degree panorama captured via the Mast Camera on the Curiosity Rover. The area shown is called the "Murray Buttes," on lower Mount Sharp.

    VIRGO
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    Mark McCaughrean´s take on Rosetta Landing location, less than 200m from nominal TD point, based on Holger's "blue dot" image. Probe to scale.



    VIRGO
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    NASA APOD: 67P interactive explorer
    APOD: 2016 October 3 - Explore Rosettas Comet
    http://apod.nasa.gov/apod/ap161003.html

    VIRGO
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    A huge fireball passes over ALGERIA 01/10/2016
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tU2eALCs09g
    VIRGO
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    On this day, in 1957, Sputnik I, the first artificial earth satellite was placed in orbit by the Soviets—the Dawn of the Space Age.
    It traveled at a speed of 18,000 mph and circled the earth about every 95 minutes. The impact that Sputnik had on mathematics was
    unbelievable. The U. S. Government was convinced that the Russians were ahead of us in mathematics and science, so they poured
    money into the schools and into teacher retraining.

    VIRGO
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    Infrared Image of Nebula Messier 78 Reveals Hidden Stars
    http://time.com/4516712/infrared-telescope-nebula-space/

    A new image of Messier 78, a nebula located about 1,600 light-years away in the constellation of Orion,
    reveals stars and other features that in previous observations, had been hidden by cosmic dust.

    Messier 78 is what’s known as a reflection nebula. In visible light, images of the formation, like those taken by the ESO’s Wide Field Imager,
    look like a swirling, luminous, blue cloud, streaked with dark ribbons. Light from the stars at its center reflect off the dust and scatter
    the light. The new image from ESO’s Visible and Infrared Survey Telescope for Astronomy (VISTA), sees near-infrared light, which passes through
    the dust, allowing the stars within to shine through. (See comparison images below.) “The telescope”, writes ESO, “is like a giant dustbuster
    that lets astronomers probe deep into the heart of the stellar environment.”

    VIRGO
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    Astrometry and Astrophysics in the Gaia sky - Sciencesconf.org
    https://iaus330.sciencesconf.org/

    VIRGO
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    The dark universe : Nature : Nature Research
    http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v537/n7622_supp/full/537S193a.html

    All the matter that has ever been detected accounts for a mere 4.9% of the Universe. Most of the cosmos is the dark universe:
    a mix of dark matter (26.8%) and dark energy (68.3%), both of which have so far proved impenetrable puzzles.

    The existence of dark matter has been inferred from the motion of stars since the 1930s, but its nature remains a mystery.
    The dark-matter particle posited by the most popular theory has not been shown to exist — if it is to make an appearance, it
    may be now or never. The search is narrowing and the possibilities are dwindling; physicists may soon have to move on to
    alternative explanations.

    VIRGO
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    Researchers question Apollo-era evidence for the Late Heavy Bombardment
    http://phys.org/news/2016-10-apollo-era-evidence-late-heavy-bombardment.html

    Many scientists believe that a cataclysmic series of impact events called the Late Heavy Bombardment (LHB) occurred around 4.1 to 3.9 billion years ago,
    during which there was a spike in asteroids colliding with the planets of the inner solar system. Among the possible explanations for the LHB is the migration
    of large planets to the outer solar system, disrupting objects in the asteroid belt and the Kuiper belt and flinging them toward the inner solar system.

    The Earth is constantly resurfaced by erosion and cratonic growth, and as a result, can't contribute much geologic data about the existence of the LHB. Much
    of the evidence is therefore derived from the moon—specifically, from Apollo-era lunar samples returned to Earth in the 1960s and 1970s. Researchers used argon
    dating to determine age spectra of lunar rocks found in three major lunar basins. The so-called "plateau ages" of these rocks, as determined from 40Ar/39Ar age
    spectra, suggest a cluster of impacts approximately 3.9 billion years ago.

    VIRGO
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    ESA opens its ears to citizens of Europe | The Planetary Society
    http://www.planetary.org/blogs/guest-blogs/2016/1004-esa-opens-its-ears-to-europe.html
    On 10 September 2016, over 2000 citizens from 22 European countries participated in the first ever Citizens’ Debate on
    Space for Europe. Never before has the future of space activities been addressed in such an event held across so many countries.

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