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    VIRGOCosmos In Brief - Aktualní novinky vesmírného výzkumu v kostce
    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    5 years after the Higgs boson, the Large Hadron Collider is just getting started | TechCrunch
    https://techcrunch.com/...s-after-the-higgs-boson-the-large-hadron-collider-is-just-getting-started/

    It’s been five years since physicists at CERN reported (in the understated manner typical of scientists)
    that they had observed a particle “consistent with the long-sought Higgs boson.”

    LHC experiments delve deeper into precision | CERN
    http://home.cern/about/updates/2017/07/lhc-experiments-delve-deeper-precision

    The world’s particle physics community is meeting this week in Venice (Italy) for the EPS International Conference
    on High Energy Physics. Dozens of new results from the full existing datasets of the Large Hadron Collider experiments
    are being presented for the first time.
    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    +1
    Big Bang Confirmed Again, This Time By The Universe's First Atoms
    https://www.forbes.com/...-bang-confirmed-again-this-time-by-the-universes-first-atoms/#673e0e79c22b

    The Big Bang is the leading theory as to where our Universe came from. The Universe was hotter, denser, more uniform, and smaller in the past,
    and is only as vast as it is today due to the fabric of expanding space. This idea was extremely controversial for many decades, until detailed
    observations of the leftover glow from that hot, early fireball was discovered and measured, in extraordinary agreement with the Big Bang's
    predictions. But there's another prediction the theory made: that in the Universe's first few minutes, precise amounts of hydrogen, deuterium,
    helium, and lithium would be created. Those predicted ratios are fixed by physics and non-negotiable, but difficult to measure. Thanks to new
    observations, both the helium and deuterium ratios are now measured, confirming the Big Bang once again.

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    Hidden Stars May Make Planets Appear Smaller
    https://www.nasa.gov/feature/jpl/hidden-stars-may-make-planets-appear-smaller

    In the search for planets similar to our own, an important point of comparison is the planet's density. A low density tells scientists
    a planet is more likely to be gaseous like Jupiter, and a high density is associated with rocky planets like Earth. But a new study
    suggests some are less dense than previously thought because of a second, hidden star in their systems.

    VIRGO
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    Dark Matter Recipe Calls for One Part Superfluid | Quanta Magazine
    https://www.quantamagazine.org/dark-matter-recipe-calls-for-one-part-superfluid-20170613/

    A different kind of dark matter could help to resolve an old celestial conundrum.

    VIRGO
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    +1
    https://uanews.arizona.edu/story/ua-astronomers-track-birth-superearth

    "Synthetic observations" simulating nascent planetary systems could help explain a puzzle that has vexed astronomers for a long time.

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    Y-Type Starssu201725 | www.cfa.harvard.edu/
    https://www.cfa.harvard.edu/news/su201725

    The surface temperatures and properties of brown dwarfs depend on their precise masses and ages, and range from a few thousand degrees down
    to a mere 200 kelvin (comparable to the Earth’s surface temperature) with the warmest group being designated as L Dwarfs, the next warmest
    group as T Dwarfs, and the coolest objects as Y Dwarfs. Not surprisingly, because they are so cool, brown dwarfs are faint and hard to detect,
    and so although theorists predict that there could be as many brown dwarf stars as there are normal stars our understanding of their evolution
    and interior properties is quite incomplete.

    NASA's Wide-field Infrared Survey Explorer (WISE), which was sensitive to the emission from cool objects, discovered the Y class of brown dwarfs
    in 2011, and today there are twenty-four of them known. CfA astronomer Caroline Morley and her colleagues used the Spitzer Space Telescope and
    the Gemini observatory, as well as some other facilities, to refine the distances, luminosities, colors, and spectral characteristics of these
    objects and compared the results to current models. The scientists determined the masses and ages for twenty-two of them, and confirmed that,
    at least for the slightly warmer Y-dwarfs (whose temperatures are around 450 kelvin) the cloud-free surface models agree with observations.

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    +1
    Heart of an Exploded Star Observed in 3-D – National Radio Astronomy Observatory
    https://public.nrao.edu/news/2017-alma-dust-sn1987a/

    Deep inside the remains of an exploded star lies a twisted knot of newly minted molecules and dust. Using ALMA, astronomers mapped the location of these new molecules
    to create a high-resolution 3-D image of this “dust factory,” providing new insights into the relationship between a young supernova remnant and its galaxy.

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    Dark matter theory triumphs in sweeping new study – Starts With A Bang! – Medium
    https://medium.com/...rts-with-a-bang/dark-matter-theory-triumphs-in-sweeping-new-study-b7b026013da8

    When a phenomenon moves from “empirical correlation” to “theoretically explained,” that’s one of the biggest deals in science!

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    +1
    Cosmic “dust factory” reveals clues to how stars are born - News - Cardiff University
    http://www.cardiff.ac.uk/news/view/808810-cosmic-dust-factory-reveals-clues-to-how-stars-are-born

    A group of scientists led by researchers at Cardiff University have discovered a rich inventory of molecules at the centre of an exploded star for the very first time.

    Two previously undetected molecules, formylium (HCO+) and sulphur monoxide (SO), were found in the cooling aftermath of Supernova 1987A, located 163,000 light years away
    in a nearby neighbour of our own Milky Way galaxy. The explosion was originally witnessed in February 1987, hence its name.

    These newly identified molecules were accompanied by previously detected compounds such as carbon monoxide (CO) and silicon oxide (SiO). The researchers estimate that
    about 1 in 1000 silicon atoms from the exploded star can be found in SiO molecules and only a few out of every million carbon atoms are in HCO+ molecules.

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    +2
    Dawn’s Early Light
    https://www.nasa.gov/image-feature/jpl/pia21336/dawn-s-early-light

    The light of a new day on Saturn illuminates the planet’s wavy cloud patterns and the smooth arcs of the vast rings.

    The light has traveled around 80 minutes since it left the sun's surface by the time it reaches Saturn. The illumination
    it provides is feeble; Earth gets 100 times the intensity since it's roughly ten times closer to the sun. Yet compared to
    the deep blackness of space, everything at Saturn still shines bright in the sunlight, be it direct or reflected.

    This view looks toward the sunlit side of the rings from about 10 degrees above the ring plane. The image was taken with
    the Cassini spacecraft wide-angle camera on Feb. 25, 2017 using a spectral filter which preferentially admits wavelengths
    of near-infrared light centered at 939 nanometers.

    The view was obtained at a distance of approximately 762,000 miles (1.23 million kilometers) from Saturn. Image scale is
    45 miles (73 kilometers) per pixel.

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    +1
    The Birth of Supernova 1987A animation depicting the buildup and aftermath of supernova 1987A
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=W_zTWZHhkSo
    VIRGO
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    +1
    Asteroid (457175) 2008 GO98 taken by Paolo Bacci on July 4, 2017 @ San Marcello.

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    +1
    SOFIA to Make Advance Observations of Next New Horizons Flyby Object

    On July 10, researchers using NASA’s Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy, or SOFIA, will attempt to study
    the environment around a distant Kuiper Belt Object, 2014 MU69, which is the next flyby target for NASA’s New Horizons spacecraft.

    https://www.nasa.gov/...eature/sofia-to-make-advance-observations-of-next-new-horizons-flyby-object



    První částečné výsledky vypadají dobře!

    @SOFIAtelescope: we successfully observed the shadow!
    SOFIA "observed the shadow" in the sense of measuring an actual chord through MU69's body? Or in the sense of successful data recording?
    Analysis is underway. But we were exactly where the centerline of the shadow was predicted.

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    +2
    https://www.wired.com/story/strange-noise-in-gravitational-wave-data-sparks-debate/

    IN FEBRUARY 2016, the leaders of the Laser Interferometer Gravitational-Wave Observatory (LIGO) announced
    that they had successfully detected gravitational waves, subtle ripples in the fabric of space-time that
    had been stirred up by the collision of two black holes. The team held a press conference in Washington
    to announce the landmark findings.

    They also released their data.

    Now a team of independent physicists has sifted through this data, only to find what they describe as strange
    correlations that shouldn’t be there. The team, led by Andrew Jackson, a physicist at the Niels Bohr Institute
    in Copenhagen, claims that the troublesome signal could be significant enough to call the entire discovery into
    question. The potential effects of the unexplained correlations “could range from a minor modification of the
    extracted wave form to a total rejection of LIGO’s claimed [gravitational wave] discovery,” wrote Jackson in an
    email to Quanta. LIGO representatives say there may well be some unexplained correlations, but that they should
    not affect the team’s conclusions.

    VIRGO
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    +1
    Bright fireball spotted over São José dos Campos and São Paulo, Brazil, on July 10, 2017

    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=l4XQ0T7Nh8E

    A Rare, 4.5-Billion-Year-Old Meteorite Hit the Netherlands - Atlas Obscura
    http://www.atlasobscura.com/articles/meteorite-netherlands-rare

    Naturalis Newsroom #2: The Rock from Space
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=bLJZC-ZQBWY
    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    +1
    NASA's Juno Spacecraft to Fly Over Jupiter's Great Red Spot July 10 | NASA
    https://www.nasa.gov/feature/jpl/nasas-juno-spacecraft-to-fly-over-jupiters-great-red-spot-july-10/

    Juno - Jupiter Flyby (Jul 11, 03:55 for European CEST zone)

    Juno spacecraft will fly directly over Jupiter's Great Red Spot, the gas giant's iconic, 10,000-mile-wide (16,000-kilometer-wide) storm.

    The data collection of the Great Red Spot is part of Juno's sixth science flyby over Jupiter's mysterious cloud tops. Perijove (the point
    at which an orbit comes closest to Jupiter's center) will be on Monday, July 10, at 6:55 p.m. PDT (9:55 p.m. EDT). At the time of perijove,
    Juno will be about 2,200 miles (3,500 kilometers) above the planet's cloud tops. Eleven minutes and 33 seconds later, Juno will have covered
    another 24,713 miles (39,771 kilometers) and will be directly above the coiling crimson cloud tops of Jupiter's Great Red Spot. The spacecraft
    will pass about 5,600 miles (9,000 kilometers) above the Giant Red Spot clouds. All eight of the spacecraft's instruments as well as its imager,
    JunoCam, will be on during the flyby.

    On July 4 at 7:30 p.m. PDT (10:30 p.m. EDT), Juno will have logged exactly one year in Jupiter orbit. At the time, the spacecraft will have
    chalked up about 71 million miles (114.5 million kilometers) in orbit around the giant planet.

    NASA Juno Live : Real time simulation - Follow as it passes of Jupiter's Giant Red spot!
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hw-JLx_t-1s


    ---

    Perijove-06 Reenacted From Earth taken by Peter Rosén on May 19, 2017 @ Stockholm, Sweden

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    https://www.nasa.gov/feature/sofia-to-make-advance-observations-of-next-new-horizons-flyby-object

    On July 10, researchers using NASA’s Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy, or SOFIA, will attempt to study
    the environment around a distant Kuiper Belt Object, 2014 MU69, which is the next flyby target for NASA’s New Horizons spacecraft.

    When New Horizons flies by it, MU69 will be the most distant object ever explored by a spacecraft, over a billion miles farther from our sun
    than Pluto. This ancient Kuiper Belt object is not well understood because it is faint, small (likely 12-25-mile (20-40-kilometer across, or
    possibly even smaller according to recent ground-based observations), and very far away (approximately 4.1 billion miles from Earth).
    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    Mercury Transfer Module electric propulsion thruster steering test
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cPmG7Hek1U8
    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    +2
    CML - Arecibo

    VIRGO
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    +3
    Color image of Saturn's rings made from raw uncalibrated JPEGs acquired during Cassini's 12th gap pass on July 5, 2017 by Jason Major.

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