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    VIRGOCosmos In Brief - Aktualní novinky vesmírného výzkumu v kostce
    VIRGO
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    Apprendre et oublier pendant son sommeil : deux processus étroitement liés ? - Communiqués et dossiers de presse - CNRS
    http://www2.cnrs.fr/en/2969.htm

    The Rosetta space probe discovered a large amount of organic material in the nucleus of comet “Chury.” In an article published by MNRAS on August 31,
    2017, two French researchers advance the theory that this matter has its origin in interstellar space and predates the birth of the Solar System.

    VIRGO
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    New Horizons Files Flight Plan for 2019 Flyby
    https://www.nasa.gov/feature/new-horizons-files-flight-plan-for-2019-flyby

    NASA’s New Horizons mission has set the distance for its New Year’s Day 2019 flyby of Kuiper Belt object 2014 MU69,
    aiming to come three times closer to MU69 than it famously flew past Pluto in 2015.

    That milestone will mark the farthest planetary encounter in history – some one billion miles (1.5 billion kilometers)
    beyond Pluto and more than four billion miles (6.5 billion kilometers) from Earth. If all goes as planned, New Horizons
    will come to within just 2,175 miles (3,500 kilometers) of MU69 at closest approach, peering down on it from celestial
    north. The alternate plan, to be employed in certain contingency situations such as the discovery of debris near MU69,
    would take New Horizons within 6,000 miles (10,000 kilometers)— still closer than the 7,800-mile (12,500-kilometer)
    flyby distance to Pluto.
    VIRGO
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    Accretion-powered pulsar reveals unique timing glitch
    http://www.ras.org.uk/news-and-press/3041-accretion-powered-pulsar-reveals-unique-timing-glitch

    A group of scientists from the Middle East Technical University and Başkent University in Turkey have discovered a sudden change in
    the rotation speed of the peculiar pulsar SXP 1062. These jumps in frequency, known as ‘glitches’, are commonly seen in isolated pulsars,
    but have so far never been observed in binary pulsars (pulsars orbiting with a companion white dwarf or neutron star) such as SXP 1062.

    SXP 1062 is located in the Small Magellanic Cloud, a satellite galaxy of our own Milky Way galaxy, and one of our nearest intergalactic
    neighbours at 200,000 light years away. Lead author of the study, Mr M. Miraç Serim, a senior PhD student working under the supervision
    of Prof Altan Baykal, said, “This pulsar is particularly interesting, since as well as orbiting its partner star as part of a binary pair,
    it is also still surrounded by the remnants of the supernova explosion which created it.”

    VIRGO
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    Study of Uranus suggests some of its moons are on a collision course
    https://phys.org/news/2017-09-uranus-moons-collision.html

    A trio of researchers, two with the University of Idaho, the other with Wellesley College,
    has found evidence suggesting that two pairs of Uranus's moons are on a collision course.
    Robert Chancia, Matthew Hedman and Richard French have uploaded a paper describing their
    observations to the arXiv preprint server.

    VIRGO
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    https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2017/two-significant-solar-flares-imaged-by-nasas-sdo

    The sun emitted two significant solar flares on the morning of Sept. 6, 2017. The first peaked at 5:10 a.m. EDT and the second, larger flare,
    peaked at 8:02 a.m. EDT. NASA’s Solar Dynamics Observatory, which watches the sun constantly, captured images of both events. Solar flares
    are powerful bursts of radiation. Harmful radiation from a flare cannot pass through Earth's atmosphere to physically affect humans on
    the ground, however — when intense enough — they can disturb the atmosphere in the layer where GPS and communications signals travel.

    VIRGO
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    NASA Chandra Telescope: Deep Field South - A Treasure Trove Of Black Holes
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OGlaQyLFYzM
    VIRGO
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    Fast Radio Burst 121102 Update For 09/02/17
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h_EJYM4utEM


    [1706.06582] A Fast Radio Burst Occurs Every Second throughout the Observable Universe
    https://arxiv.org/abs/1706.06582
    VIRGO
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    Could TRAPPIST-1’s seven Earth-like planets have gas giant siblings? | Carnegie Institution for Science
    https://carnegiescience.edu/node/2230

    New work from a team of Carnegie scientists (and one Carnegie alumnus) asked whether any gas giant planets could potentially orbit
    TRAPPIST-1 at distances greater than that of the star’s seven known planets. If gas giant planets are found in this system’s outer
    edges, it could help scientists understand how our own Solar System’s gas giants like Jupiter and Saturn formed.

    Earlier this year, NASA’s Spitzer Space Telescope thrilled the world as it revealed that TRAPPIST-1, an ultra-cool dwarf star in
    the Aquarius constellation, was the first-known system of seven Earth-sized planets orbiting a single star. Three of these planets
    are in the so-called habitable zone—the distance from the central star at which liquid water is most likely to be found.

    But it’s possible that like our own Solar System, TRAPPIST-1 is also orbited by gas giant planets at a much-greater distance than
    the Earth-sized planets that we already know are part of the system.

    VIRGO
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    Discovery of boron on Mars adds to evidence for habitability
    http://www.lanl.gov/...er/news-release-archive/2017/September/0905-discovery-of-boron-on-mars%20.php

    The discovery of boron on Mars gives scientists more clues about whether life could have ever existed on the planet.
    VIRGO
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    https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2017/extreme-telescopes-find-second-fastest-pulsar

    By following up on mysterious high-energy sources mapped out by NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope, the Netherlands-based Low Frequency
    Array (LOFAR) radio telescope has identified a pulsar spinning at more than 42,000 revolutions per minute, making it the second-fastest known.

    'Black Widow' Pulsar Animation
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=4&v=-SoZ1xvCpMw
    VIRGO
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    https://www.nasa.gov/image-feature/jpl/pia21344/nevertheless-it-moves

    The movie is a composite of six images taken with the Cassini spacecraft narrow-angle camera on Aug. 1, 2017
    using filters that allow infrared, green, and ultraviolet light. The image filter centered on 930 nm (IR) was
    is red in this image, the image filter centered on the green is green, and the image filter centered on 338 nm
    (UV) is blue.

    VIRGO
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    VIRGO:

    Long-rumored midsized black hole may be hiding out in the Milky Way | Science | AAAS
    http://www.sciencemag.org/news/2017/09/long-rumored-midsized-black-hole-may-be-hiding-out-milky-way

    “It’s a very careful paper and they have gorgeous data. It’s the most promising evidence so far”
    for an intermediate mass black hole, says astronomer Kevin Schawinski of the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich.

    https://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-017-0224-z

    VIRGO
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    Shocking discovery explains powerful novae | MSUToday | Michigan State University
    http://msutoday.msu.edu/news/2017/shocking-discovery-explains-powerful-novae/

    In a typical year, there are around 50 novae, nuclear explosions on the surface of white dwarf stars, in our galaxy.
    Some of these explosions are so bright and powerful, they exceed the scale of scientific explanation.

    Employing two powerful telescopes, astronomers at Michigan State University have proven a theory that explains these
    super-luminous novae and other astronomical explosions. The results, published in the current issue of Nature Astronomy,
    indicate that powerful shockwaves amplify the explosions beyond any traditional scale for nuclear explosions.

    “Astronomers have long thought the energy from novae was dominated by the white dwarf, controlling how much light and
    energy are emitted,” said Laura Chomiuk, MSU astronomer and study co-author. “What we discovered, however, was a completely
    different source of energy – shockwaves that can dominate the entire explosion.”

    As the explosion begins, it ejects a cooler, slower wave of gaseous material, relatively speaking. Behind it, though, is a hot,
    fast wave speeding right behind it. The collision of the two ejections produces a shockwave, which results in a spectacular
    explosion of heat and light.

    VIRGO
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    Massive black hole discovered near heart of the Milky Way | Science | The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/...sep/04/supermassive-black-hole-discovered-near-heart-of-the-milky-way

    Astronomers find evidence of enormous black hole one hundred thousand times more massive than the sun in a gas cloud near the galaxy’s centre

    An enormous black hole one hundred thousand times more massive than the sun has been found hiding in a toxic gas cloud wafting around near
    the heart of the Milky Way. If the discovery is confirmed, the invisible behemoth will rank as the second largest black hole ever seen in
    the Milky Way after the supermassive black hole known as Sagittarius A* that is anchored at the very centre of the galaxy.

    VIRGO
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    https://particle.scitech.org.au/space/looking-at-dark-matter/

    Scientists are looking for dark matter—the stuff that theoretically makes up a quarter of our universe.

    And West Aussie researchers are at the forefront of this search, as part of an Australian-wide project to detect a particle called the axion.

    Comparison of rotating disc galaxies in the distant Universe and the present day
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=2&v=gjBcCYl27iM
    VIRGO
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    Fast Radio Burst 121102 ( FRB ) Audio - Processed to clarify sonic details for analysis etc
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uDTXtXARxfA
    VIRGO
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    Everything Worth Knowing About ... Alien Contact | DiscoverMagazine.com
    http://discovermagazine.com/2017/jul-aug/alien-contact

    The search for extraterrestrial intelligence (SETI) has been going for more than 50 years, with ever more sophisticated detection systems
    and creative ideas about how E.T. might come calling. Astronomers haven’t heard anything yet, but perhaps it’s only a matter of time.
    Check out what they’ve been looking for, how they would know if they found it and what the aftermath might be.

    VIRGO
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    Starship Congress 2017: Nick Nielsen, "The Place of Lunar Civilization in Interstellar Buildout"
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FhMmqe8M7no
    VIRGO
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    Analysis reveals dozens of unknown gamma-ray sources in the universe
    https://phys.org/news/2017-09-analysis-reveals-dozens-unknown-gamma-ray.html

    Researchers at DESY have compiled an extensive catalogue of variable sources of cosmic gamma radiation. For his doctoral thesis, Matteo Giomi,
    working at DESY in Zeuthen, analysed almost 7.5 years of observational data from NASA's "Fermi" space telescope. Over that period, the "Large Area
    Telescope" (LAT) on board the satellite registered a total of 4547 bursts of gamma radiation, known as flares. Thanks to improved analytical methods,
    Giomi was able to assign these flares to 518 variable sources. The "Fermi All-Sky Variability Analysis" (FAVA) also lists 77 unknown sources, whose
    identity has not yet been determined. The "Fermi" scientists are presenting their catalogue in the Astrophysical Journal.

    Fermi All-Sky Variability Analysis (FAVA)
    https://fermi.gsfc.nasa.gov/ssc/data/access/lat/FAVA/

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