Informal Institutions in Policy Implementation : Comparing Low Carbon Policies in China and Russia
Anna Korppoo, Iselin Stensdal, Marius Korsnes


"At a time of global climate crisis, this crucial book examines the prospects for implementing low-carbon policies in the two global superpowers of China and Russia, focusing on the role of informal institutions in achieving reductions in greenhouse gas emissions. Chapters shed light on how informal institutions function and work in practice, how and why they take shape and how they influence formal low-carbon policies. Forensically examining five critical cases relating to Chinese and Russian institutions, this book demonstrates how informal institutions can both support and obstruct the achievement of formal policy goals. Through comparisons within and between each country, it shows how these dynamics differ and offers key hypothesis on the role of these institutions in policy implementation. Comprehensive and incisive, this book will be important reading for scholars researching public policy in China and Russia, particularly those specialising in environmental science and politics. The practical insights derived from new case studies will also be useful for policymakers working on climate mitigation policy"-- Provided by publisher

Informal Institutions in Policy Implementation : Comparing Low Carbon Policies in China and Russia - Anna’s Archive
https://annas-archive.gd/md5/b2183bbd0083aa22b3f3767acdb4178b

J Pecho
https://www.facebook.com/share/p/18Wiy7HA4G/

Lesy nie sú len zásobárňou uhlíka, ako sa často hovorí. Nová vedecká štúdia ukazuje, že pre naše prežitie sú ešte dôležitejšie. Okrem toho, že viažu CO₂, regulujú teplotu a vodný cyklus tak, aby nám uľahčili život.

Výskumníci zhrnuli desiatky štúdií a zistili, že v lese je počas dňa v priemere o 4 °C chladnejšie než na priľahlých lúkach; v tropických oblastiach je rozdiel často dokonca väčší než 6 °C. V mestách dokáže stromová zeleň znížiť teplotu o 1,5–1,7 °C. Počas vĺn horúčav býva v lesoch pocitovú teplotu až o 6–14,5 °C nižšiu ako na otvorených priestranstvách.

Toto ochladzovanie nie je len príjemné, ale zachraňuje aj životy. Odlesňovanie v trópoch vystavuje stovky miliónov ľudí vyšším teplotám a prispieva k desiatkam tisíc úmrtí ročne v dôsledku prehriatia. Výskumníci tiež upozorňujú, že lokálne otepľovanie spôsobené výrubom môže byť v niektorých regiónoch porovnateľné alebo silnejšie ako samotný signál globálneho otepľovania.

Lesy sú zároveň dôležitou súčasťou vodného cyklu. Zachytávajú zrážky, zlepšujú vsakovanie a dopĺňajú podzemné vody. Odparovaním vracajú vlhkosť do atmosféry a stabilizujú prietok riek. V tropických a monzúnových regiónoch znižujú riziko záplav, no v suchších oblastiach môže prílišná výsadba stromov naopak znížiť dostupnosť vody.

Dôležitý je aj kontext. Najväčší prínos majú prirodzené "staré" lesy a to predovšetkým na miestach, kde sa prirodzene vyskytovali aj v minulosti. Vysádzať stromy do stepí či tundry sa nemusí oplatiť: tmavé koruny absorbujú viac slnečnej energie ako svetlé trávnaté plochy alebo sneh a môžu spôsobiť lokálne oteplenie. Naopak, staré porasty majú jedinečnú schopnosť tlmiť teplotné výkyvy a regulovať kolobeh vody.

Lesy ovplyvňujú aj veľkopriestorové procesy: uvoľňujú organické zlúčeniny, ktoré pomáhajú tvoriť oblaky, a recyklujú vlhkosť, čo ovplyvňuje zrážky aj stovky kilometrov ďaleko. Výskum z Bornea ukazuje, že rozsiahla strata lesa zvyšuje denné teploty, zintenzívňuje extrémy a významne znižuje množstvo zrážok, čo priespieva k väčšiemu suchu.

Lesy teda pôsobia ako klimatická "infraštruktúra": ochladzujú, hospodária s vodou a zmierňujú extrémy lepšie než mnohé technické riešenia. Nemôžu síce zastaviť globálne otepľovanie, ale môžu urobiť teplejší svet znesiteľnejším. Aj preto odborníci zdôrazňujú, že ochrana a obnova pôvodných lesov patrí medzi najefektívnejšie a najlacnejšie formy adaptácie na zmenu klímy.

Zdroj:

https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.ads4361 a

Forests don’t just store carbon. They keep people alive, scientists say
https://news.mongabay.com/2026/02/forests-dont-just-store-carbon-they-keep-people-alive-scientists-say/

Suicide (Paperback) – JUST RELEASED – Revolution in the 21st Century
https://rev21.earth/product/suicide/

From a cell in Wayland Prison, Roger Hallam—farmer, researcher, and co-founder of Just Stop Oil—delivers a searing indictment of a legal system that punishes those who resist, while protecting those who destroy. In July 2024, Hallam was dragged from a British courtroom for refusing to stay silent about the climate crisis. For “conspiracy to cause a public nuisance,” he was sentenced to five years in prison, the harshest punishment for civil disobedience in the UK in modern British history. The case made front-page news and drew global outcry.

Suicide is part memoir, part political reckoning. Drawing on Hallam’s award-winning research and experience representing himself in four Crown Court trials, it lays bare the moral and legal failures of a society sleepwalking into catastrophe. From climate science and the right of necessity, to the collapse of democratic norms and the illusions of secular reason, this is a radical call to rethink justice, truth, and duty in the face of extinction.

Tohle už tu jednou bylo, ale stejně:
COVID-19 cleared the skies but also supercharged methane emissions - Ars Technica
https://arstechnica.com/science/2026/02/covid-19-cleared-the-skies-but-also-supercharged-methane-emissions/

Možná by místo nějakého šíleného geoinženýringu s aerosolama bylo jednodušší prostě hlídat v jakém poměru různé škodliviny vypouštíme, aby se optimalizovalo odbourávání toho, co je odbouratelné?

Trump asi obnoví výrobu dreadnoughtů. nebo nevím, co bude armáda s tím uhlím dělat :-)
Trump orders the military to make agreements with coal power plants - Ars Technica
https://arstechnica.com/science/2026/02/trumps-latest-plan-to-revive-coal-power-make-the-military-buy-it/

Flooded Futures: Understanding the Rising Threats and How We Prepare | Stefan Rahmstorf
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wtd8ZFWIFMA


Flooding has shaped human settlement for millennia—but the scale, speed and complexity of flood risk in the 21st century are unprecedented. In this opening keynote at the Holcim Foundation Forum 2025, climate scientist Stefan Rahmstorf sets the scientific foundation for the Forum, outlining why flood risk is accelerating globally and why urgent, coordinated action is now unavoidable.

Rahmstorf presents the full spectrum of flooding—from coastal, riverine and pluvial flooding to groundwater and compound flood events—showing how multiple hazards increasingly coincide to create extreme impacts. Drawing on the latest climate science, he explains how rising sea levels, intensifying storms and shifting precipitation patterns are being amplified by urbanisation, land-use change and ageing infrastructure designed for past conditions.

A central focus of the talk is time. Rahmstorf challenges the audience to consider what we are planning for—and over what horizons—by examining projections for 2050 and 2100, the limits and strengths of flood models, and the growing role of real-time data, AI-driven analysis and historical records in improving preparedness.

The keynote also addresses the wider societal consequences of flooding, including cascading infrastructure failures, economic exposure, climate migration and the question of who ultimately pays for precautionary measures. Closing the talk, Rahmstorf frames the critical questions that will guide the Forum discussions, positioning the Retreat – Resist – Respond framework as essential for navigating an era of accelerating climate risk.

Emails Show Epstein Scheming That Environmental Destruction Could Solve "Overpopulation"
https://futurism.com/science-energy/epstein-climate-change-population
“Maybe climate change is a good way of dealing with overpopulation,” Epstein wrote. “The earths forest fire. potentially a good thing for the species.”

The Seabed Curtain Project Dreams Of Building An 80-Kilometer Barrier Around The Thwaites Glacier Of Antarctica | IFLScience
https://www.iflscience.com/the-radical-plan-to-build-an-80-kilometer-wall-around-the-doomsday-glacier-of-antarctica-82525

V nejodlehlejší části planety se rozhoduje o budoucnosti pobřežních měst, ostrovů i milionů lidí. Jeden obří kus antarktického ledu – přezdívaný „ledovec soudného dne“ – totiž taje rychleji, než by si vědci přáli. Proto v zákulisí vzniká plán tak odvážný, že připomíná sci-fi film.

Thwaites Glacier Transformed - NASA Science
https://science.nasa.gov/earth/earth-observatory/thwaites-glacier-transformed-146247/
https://theweek.com/environment/plan-wall-curtain-doomsday-glacier
Zeď proti potopě. Vědci odhalili plány, jak zabránit kolapsu ledovce soudného dne – Aktuálně.cz
https://magazin.aktualne.cz/zed-proti-potope-vedci-odhalili-plany-jak-zabranit-kolapsu-ledovce-soudneho-dne/r~aaa292a71f532a7b3ebecede9e8b6c1b/


Představte si ledovou masu velkou jako Velká Británie – majestátní a přesto nebezpečně křehkou.

V odlehlé části Antarktidy leží ledovec přezdívaný „Doomsday Glacier“ neboli ledovec soudného dne, jehož oficiální jméno zní Thwaites Glacier. A není náhoda, že pravý název tohoto ledového masivu zná mnohem méně lidí než jeho mnohem trefnější pseudonym. Ledovec totiž do budoucna nepřináší zrovna pozitivní vyhlídky: jeho kolaps by mohl dramaticky přepsat mapy pobřeží po celém světě.

Od roku 1880 se hladiny oceánů zvedly o 21 až 24 centimetrů – a právě tento ledovec se na současném růstu podílí čtyřmi procenty. Nejde ale jen o něj. Vědci se obávají, že jeho kolaps by mohl destabilizovat celý Západoantarktický ledový štít.

(...) Do 100 km od pobřeží: Podle údajů z roku 2018 žije v tomto pásmu přibližně 2,86 miliardy lidí, což představuje asi 38–40 % celosvětové populace.

Mezinárodní tým vědců sdružený v projektu Seabed Curtain Project navrhuje vybudovat podmořskou bariéru dlouhou 80 kilometrů a vysokou 150 metrů, která by kotvila do mořského dna v hloubce asi 650 metrů a fungovala by jako obří podvodní clona. Její úkol? Zabránit teplým proudům, aby se dostaly k nejzranitelnějším částem ledovce.

Science of Superforecasting - Global Warming Rise: we blew past 1.5C, how about 2C, 2.5C, to 4C?
https://youtu.be/JxE6XFKOaRM?si=mBQ30943n5zCpOgS


We already passed 1.5C - happened, in last few years

When do we pass 2.0C. Group spread is 2034 to 2039 with mean of 2037. Beckwith guess 2033.

How about 2.5C. Group spread is 2044 to 2052 with mean of 2048. Beckwith guess is 2041.

OK, what about passing 3.0C. Group spread is 2054 to 2065 with mean of 2060. Beckwith superforecast is 2050.

Anybody for 3.5C. Group spread is 2065 to 2077 with mean of 2072. Beckwith guess is 2058.

Finally, when will we cross 4.0C. Group spread is 2075 to 2090 with mean of 2084. Beckwith guess is 2066.

Of course, a supervolcano (natural or induced:) will negate all this since humanity likes to eat food...

+42 dni leta

https://www.space.com/science/climate-change/europe-could-get-42-more-days-of-summer-by-the-year-2100-due-to-climate-change

Compromises, voluntary measures and no mention of fossil fuels: key points from Cop30 deal | Cop30 | The Guardian
https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2025/nov/22/roadmaps-adaptations-and-transitions-what-climate-measures-were-agreed-at-cop30

The roadmap for the transition away from fossil fuels was blocked from the formal Cop30 decision and the Brazilian presidency announced the plan would proceed outside the UN process. It will be merged with a plan backed by Colombia and about 90 other countries, with a summit set for April. This “coalition of the willing” could push progress forward.

The Cop30 president, André Corrêa do Lago, said the plan to develop the roadmap had the support of President Lula and would involve high-level dialogues over the next year, led by science and involving governments, industry and civil society. Once complete, he said they would report back to Cop.

“Those governments committed to tackling the climate crisis at its source are uniting to move forward outside the UN, under the leadership of Colombia and Pacific Island states, to phase out fossil fuels rapidly, equitably, and in line with 1.5C,” said Nikki Reisch, at the Center for International Environmental Law. “The international conference next April is the first stop on the path to a livable future.”

Is the Atlantic Ocean circulation close to tipping?
https://youtu.be/ULJXqOZuY-8?si=24VEbChlMBavA2xz


Stefan Rahmstorf, professor of Physics of the Oceans, explains the latest science on #AMOC​ shutdown danger in a keynote for ATLAS25 in Helsinki, 23 October 2025.

Elon Musk suggests AI satellites could dial down global warming
https://interestingengineering.com/space/elon-musk-solar-radiation-management-geoengineering

while Musk’s companies have unmatched reach in space infrastructure, scaling an SRM system to planetary levels is another story. “It would be far easier said than done,” as one analyst put it, especially given that even the most advanced SRM proposals remain largely theoretical.

Beyond the science, there’s also geopolitics. Who decides when and how to shade the planet? And what happens if one nation’s cooling efforts trigger droughts in another?

there’s no indication SpaceX is working on SRM-capable satellites. For now, the comment seems more like a thought experiment than a corporate roadmap.

Yet Musk’s timing is telling. With heat records being broken year after year, and progress on emissions lagging, even the most radical climate ideas are starting to sound less far-fetched