We present the ExoGaia model – a model of simple ‘planets’ host to evolving microbial biospheres. Microbes interact with their host planet via consumption and excretion of atmospheric chemicals. Model planets orbit a ‘star’ that provides incoming radiation, and atmospheric chemicals have either an albedo or a heat-trapping property. Planetary temperatures can therefore be altered by microbes via their metabolisms. We seed multiple model planets with life while their atmospheres are still forming and find that the microbial biospheres are, under suitable conditions, generally able to prevent the host planets from reaching inhospitable temperatures, as would happen on a lifeless planet. We find that the underlying geochemistry plays a strong role in determining long-term habitability prospects of a planet. We find five distinct classes of model planets, including clear examples of ‘Gaian bottlenecks’ – a phenomenon whereby life either rapidly goes extinct leaving an inhospitable planet or survives indefinitely maintaining planetary habitability. These results suggest that life might play a crucial role in determining the long-term habitability of planets.

Gaian bottlenecks and planetary habitability maintained by evolving model biospheres: the ExoGaia model | Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society | Oxford Academic
https://academic.oup.com/mnras/article/477/1/727/4935177

Planetary Summit

Date: November 23, 2024
Location: Palazzo Diedo, Venice Italy
Friday, November 22nd

PALE FLUO DOT
Marking the ceremonial opening of the Planetary Summit, PALE FLUO DOT is an immersive audio-visual experience. The performance by Amnesia Scanner and installation by Jenna Sutela is presented by LAS Art Foundation in collaboration with Future Humans of the Berggruen Institute.

Saturday, November 23rd

Establishing the Category of the Planetary
Ontological Discussions, Epistemological Debates, and Considerations of the Extra-Human & Extra-Planetary

WELCOME & OPENING PLENARY

Why the Planetary?
Opening remarks from Nicolas Berggruen, Berggruen Institute Co-Founder
Plenary presentation by Nils Gilman, Berggruen Institute Chief Operating Officer & co-author of Children of a Modest Star: Planetary Thinking for an Age of Crises

SESSION ONE

Establishing the Category of the Planetary
An ontological discussion exploring what is a planet, what does the word Planetary mean?

Featured Speakers:
• Jonathan Blake, Associate Director, Planetary at the Berggruen Institute; co-author of Children of a Modest Star: Planetary Thinking for an Age of Crises
• Risa Wechsler, Director, Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Professor of Physics, Particle Physics, Astrophysics, Stanford University
• Christine J Winter (Ngāti Kahungunu ki te Wairoa), Senior Lecturer, Tōrakapū, Politics, Ōtākou Whakaihu Waka, University of Otago
• Ngaire Woods, Founding Dean, Blavatnik School of Government, Professor, Global Economic Governance, Oxford University

LIGHTNING TALK

Adam Frank
Inaugural Berggruen Prize Essay Competition Winner
Professor of astrophysics, science commentator, and author

SESSION TWO

Extra-Human & Extra-Planetary
A series of paired discussions between scientists and philosophers exploring possible inter-species politics and an allocentric reconsideration of (earthly) planetary life.

Featured Speakers:
• Bing Song, Senior Vice President, Berggruen Institute and Director, Berggruen Institute China Center
• Claire Webb, Associate Director, Future Humans at the Berggruen Institute
• Michael Wong, Sagan Fellow, NASA Hubble Fellowship Program
• Juichi Yamagiwa, Director-General, Research Institute for Humanity and Nature

LIGHTNING TALK

Stewart Patrick
Director of the Global Order and Institutions Program, Carnegie Endowment for International Peace; Expert in the history and practice of multilateralism

SESSION THREE

Planetary Sapience
An epistemological discussion to define new categories of knowing and the manner by which the Planetary is revealed through technology and human thought.

Featured Speakers:
• Benjamin Bratton, Director, Antikythera at the Berggruen Institute, Professor, UC San Diego
• Lukáš Likavčan, Researcher, Antikythera at the Berggruen Institute, Affiliate Researcher, Centre for AI & Culture, NYU Shanghai
• Thomas Moynihan, Researcher, Antikythera at the Berggruen Institute, Research Affiliate, Centre for the Study of Existential Risk, Cambridge University

Sunday, November 24th

What is Planetary Realism?
Mapping the Limitations of Nation States & Global Governance, Opening up Possibilities & Exploring the Application of New Mechanisms

OPENING PLENARY

Plenary presentation by Nathan Gardels, Berggruen Institute Co-Founder & Editor-in-Chief of Noema Magazine

SESSION FOUR

The Limits of Current Planetary Governance
If not nation-states and global governance, then what? What are the required specs for Planetary governance? What might we achieve if we were successful?

Featured Speakers:
• Frank Biermann, Professor, Global Sustainability Governance at the Copernicus Institute of Sustainable Development, Utrecht University
• Pascal Lamy, Vice-President, Paris Peace Forum, Coordinator, Jacques Delors Think Tanks
• Niccolo Milanese, Fellow, Berggruen Institute Europe, Founding Director, European Alternatives
• Minh-Thu Pham, A political and policy entrepreneur, nonprofit leader, and activist
• Stephanie Sherman, Associate Director, Antikythera at the Berggruen Institute, Course Director, MA Narrative Environments, Central Saint Martins

LIGHTNING TALK

Kalypso Nicolaidis
Chair of Global Affairs at the EUI School of Transnational Governance, EUI Democracy Forum Convener

SESSION FIVE

New Ideas for Planetary Governance
A mini marathon of lightning talks opening up possibilities for new mechanisms of governance.

Featured Speakers:
• Rosi Braidotti, Philosopher, Distinguished Professor Emerita at Utrecht; Honorary Professor at the Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology
• Rana Dasgupta, Novelist & Essayist, Author of After Nations (2025)
• Zhao Tingyang, Professor, Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, Senior Fellow, Peking University Berggruen Research Institute
• Lorenzo Marsili, Director, Berggruen Institute Europe

LIGHTNING TALK

Robert Hertzberg
Former Speaker of the California State Assembly and Majority Leader of the California State Senate, Clean Energy Entrepreneur, Sub-national relationship Expert

SESSION SIX

Planetary Pragmatism
A series of mini dialogues exploring the protocols & institutions through which we can apply Planetary mechanisms.

Featured Speakers:
• Holly Jean Buck, Assistant Professor, Department of Environment and Sustainability, University at Buffalo
• Aaron Maniam, Fellow of Practice and Director, Digital Transformation Education, Blavatnik School of Government, Oxford University
• Geoff Mulgan, Professor of Collective Intelligence, Public Policy and Social Innovation at University College London
• Dawn Nakagawa, President, Berggruen Institute
• Venkatesh Rao, Writer & Consultant, Founder, Ribbonfarm Consulting
• Anne-Marie Slaughter, CEO, New America Think Tank, Former Director, Policy Planning, U.S. State Department

Berggruen Institute
https://berggruen.org/news/planetary-summit-agenda

AI Has Likely Spread Through Cosmos, Says Former NASA Chief Historian
https://www.forbes.com/sites/brucedorminey/2024/11/05/ai-has-likely-spread-through-cosmos-says-former-nasa-chief-historian/

One possibility is that we live in a physical universe in which life is a fluke; a biological universe in which life is common; or a post-biological universe in which biological life has mostly or partly transitioned to AI, says Dick. In my view, the universe is most likely at least partly post-biological, he says.

In a post-biological world, carbon-based intelligences like our own would have been replaced by advanced AI civilizations, perhaps even creating ‘Matrix’-styled artificial realities.

But is it a foregone conclusion that our own species will be replaced by earth-based AI?

Post-biologicals are not a fait accompli on earth or anywhere else, says Dick. But I think a post-biological universe is likely because of the potential age of extraterrestrials, he says.

The age of the universe spans at least a 13.7-billion-year timeframe. And because the first sunlike stars appear to have been present some 12 billion years ago, truly long-lived intelligent species could be several billion years old. Thus, post-biological AI is likely to be far beyond anything we might imagine.

So, a successful search for cosmic AI might require a search strategy that is quite different from the type of search needed when looking for biological aliens. In fact, that could be one reason that we’ve yet to detect extraterrestrial intelligence.

And if intelligent aliens have evolved in any sort of linear, stepwise progression, it’s arguable that such AI would be both immortal and capable of exponential learning and improvement.

In a 2003 paper published in the International Journal of Astrobiology, Dick pointed out that unlike humans, an advanced AI intelligence would be cumulative. Thus, the sum-total of knowledge in the parent machine would be passed on to the next generation.

What has planetary-scale computation done to our geopolitical realities? It takes different forms at different scales—from energy and mineral sourcing and subterranean cloud infrastructure to urban software and massive universal addressing systems; from interfaces drawn by the augmentation of the hand and eye to users identified by self-quantification and the arrival of legions of sensors, algorithms, and robots. Together, how do these distort and deform modern political geographies and produce new territories in their own image?

The Stack
https://thestack.org/

"The Stack: Design and Geopolitics in the Age of Planetary-Scale Computing"
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IXan6TvMqgk&t=1667s

mohlo by te zaujmout, ze v zemske kůže žije 8 oktilionů čehosi. v neuvěřitelných podmínkách

There Is Something Hiding Inside Earth
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VD6xJq8NguY

Spolu, nezkrotní – Luděk Čertík
https://knihy.artmap.cz/spolu-nezkrotni/

Země není jen planeta, která nese život. Země je životem procitlá — skrz naskrz živý svět. Živost světa zakoušíme na každém kroku: tu v tiché písni cvrčka lesního, tu v závanu petrichoru nebo v lahodné chuti zralého melounu. Také ale v modři oblohy, při pohledu na dešťová mračna a družice proplouvající letní nocí. Život si zkrátka nedokáže pomoct: za každou cenu musí tvořit a přetvářet, pronikat do každé skuliny, každého živlu a skupenství, hledat nové a nové způsoby sebevyjádření, nové a nové cesty, jak být nezkrotně spolu. Kniha Luďka Čertíka se cosi z této energie pokouší zachytit. V rozmanitých textech vybízí k otevřenosti vůči všemu živému, jehož jsme vždy nejen součástí, ale i aktivními spolutvůrci.

kolumbijský příběh a pohled abuelos na dění posledních let...

"we're compost"

Volveré y seré millones
https://youtu.be/7uHszaXezeg?si=bXQiuinRnryodfwE