ked sa divam ako z toho tela odpadavaju kusy ladu, tak som hladal jak je riesena ta medzivrstva medzi plechom a heat tiles, aby to zvladalo tie teplotne rozsahy, kaowool to volaju, som to uz kdesi videl aj s takym grafickym schematkom (mozno to bolo aj tu)
Insulation Layers Over the Steel Body Frame
Yes, there are insulation layers between the heat shield tiles and the stainless steel (301 or 304L alloy) structure to prevent heat soak (conduction) into the hull, which could weaken the steel or overheat internal components like fuel tanks. The steel itself has good heat resistance (up to ~1,100°C before significant strength loss) and redistributes heat evenly due to its conductivity, but insulation is critical for reusability and keeping the hull below ~300°C.
Primary Insulation: A thin layer of ceramic fiber blanket (often described as "kaowool" or high-temperature mineral wool, similar to Nextel or silica-based felt) is placed directly over the steel. This blanket is porous and compressible, held in place by the same pins that secure the tiles—no separate adhesive is needed here. It acts as a thermal barrier, with low conductivity to block radiant and convective heat.
Thickness and Function: Typically 5–10 mm thick, it handles temperatures up to ~1,000°C while insulating the steel. It's flexible to accommodate the steel's thermal expansion/contraction cycles (from cryogenic fuel temps of -183°C for LOX to reentry heat).
Additional Layers in Upgrades:
Ablative Underlayer: Post-Flight 4 (starting with Flight 6 in 2024), SpaceX added a secondary ablative material (likely Pyron or carbon-phenolic composite) beneath the tiles on flaps and high-heat zones. This erodes sacrificially during reentry, absorbing extra heat if tiles are damaged. It's ~1–2 cm thick and adds ~1–2 tons of mass but enhances survivability.
Gap Fillers and Nomex: Silicone-based fillers seal tile edges, and in some areas, a Nomex fabric (aramid fiber blanket) aids with cryo-to-hot transitions, though mineral wool is more common for primary insulation.
No Full Blanket Coverage: Unlike the Shuttle's extensive felt reusable surface insulation (FRSI) on upper surfaces, Starship's setup is targeted to the reentry-exposed belly. Leeward sides rely on the steel's inherent properties.