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    VIRGOCosmos In Brief - Aktualní novinky vesmírného výzkumu v kostce
    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    Researchers investigate chemical composition of globular cluster NGC 6362
    https://phys.org/news/2017-03-chemical-composition-globular-cluster-ngc.html

    European astronomers have recently studied the chemical composition of the low-mass globular cluster designated NGC 6362.
    Their detailed analysis of chemical abundances for 17 elements in the cluster provides important insights into the nature
    of NGC 6362. The findings were presented March 1 in a paper published online on arXiv.org.

    Located about 25,000 light years away in the constellation Ara, NGC 6362 is a an irregularly shaped globular cluster. With
    a mass of approximately 53,000 solar masses, it is one of the least massive globulars where multiple populations of stars
    have been detected. The cluster is about 13.5 billion years old.

    Although NGC 6362 is well known to astronomers, its detailed chemical composition has not been studied so far. So a team of
    researchers led by Davide Massari of the Leiden Observatory in Netherlands investigated chemical abundances of this cluster.
    For their study, they used the FLAMES and UVES high-resolution spectrographs mounted on the Very Large Telescope in Chile.

    VIRGO
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    Karoo’s HERA radio telescope attracts even more international funding – SKA SA
    http://www.ska.ac.za/...leases/karoos-hera-radio-telescope-attracts-even-more-international-funding/

    The Hydrogen Epoch of Reionization Array (HERA) radio telescope, located only a few kilometres from the MeerKAT radio telescope, was awarded
    a grant from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation in the US to the value of $5.8 million, equivalent to approximately R75 million.

    The construction of HERA started in 2015 and already 35 of the 14-metre diameter dishes have been erected. In September 2016, the National Science Foundation
    (NSF) invested $9.5 million (equivalent to approximately R124 million) in the project and HERA was granted the status of a Square Kilometre Array (SKA) precursor
    telescope. The NSF funding allowed the array to expand to 240 radio dishes by 2018. This additional funding injection from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation
    will allow HERA to expand even further to 350 dishes.

    This innovative radio telescope will be instrumental in detecting the distinctive signature that would allow astronomers to understand the formation and evolution
    of the very first luminous sources: the first stars and galaxies in the Universe – a period the scientists call the Epoch of Reionization (EoR).

    VIRGO
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    Why is NASA going to visit the giant metal asteroid 16 Psyche? - Science News - ABC News (Australian Broadcasting Corporation)
    http://www.abc.net.au/...017-03-06/16-psyche-asteroid-like-no-other-metal-world-nasa-mission/8316054

    Hiding in the belt of frozen rocks between Mars and Jupiter is a body like nothing else in the solar system. The odds of it even existing are tiny.
    Its name is 16 Psyche. At 210 kilometres wide, it is easily one of the bigger asteroids, but Psyche's stand-out feature is that it is made almost entirely of metal.
    That is so unusual that NASA is funding a seven-year mission to visit the asteroid with a robotic spacecraft and study it in detail.

    VIRGO
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    https://www.nasa.gov/image-feature/jpl/pia20524/dichotomy

    This view looks toward the anti-Saturn hemisphere of Enceladus. North on Enceladus is up and rotated 4 degrees to the right.
    The image was taken in visible light with the Cassini spacecraft narrow-angle camera on Nov. 27, 2016.

    The view was obtained at a distance of approximately 41,000 miles (66,000 kilometers) from Enceladus. Image scale is 1,310 feet (398 meters) per pixel.

    VIRGO
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    Star clusters discovery could upset the astronomical applecart
    https://phys.org/news/2017-03-star-clusters-discovery-astronomical-applecart.html

    The discovery of young stars in old star clusters could send scientists back to the drawing board for one of the Universe's most common objects.

    Dr Bi-Qing For, from the International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research in Perth, said our understanding of how stars evolve is a cornerstone of astronomical science.

    "There are a billion trillion stars in the Universe and we've been observing and classifying those we can see for more than a century," she said.
    "Our models of stellar evolution are based on the assumption that stars within star clusters formed from the same material at roughly the same time."

    VIRGO
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    Congrats! Kepler observatory was launched today in 2009 to find signs of other Earth-like planets.

    How many exoplanets has Kepler discovered?
    Kepler mission:

    Candidate exoplanets: 4 696
    Confirmed exoplanets: 2 331
    Confirmed exoplanets less than twice Earth-size in the habitable zone: 21

    K2 mission:

    Candidate exoplanets: 520
    Confirmed exoplanets: 145

    https://www.nasa.gov/kepler/discoveries

    VIRGO
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    Gravity Wave Detection with Atomic Clockssu201709 | www.cfa.harvard.edu/
    https://www.cfa.harvard.edu/news/su201709

    The recent detection of gravitation waves (GW) from the merger of two black holes of about thirty solar-masses each with the ground-based LIGO facility
    has generated renewed enthusiasm for developing even more sensitive measurement techniques. Ground-based GW instruments have widely spaced sensors
    that can detect sub-microscopic changes in their separation -- better than one part in a billion trillion, They suffer, however, from the noise produced by
    small ground tremors -- vibrations from natural or man-made sources that ripple through the precisely tuned detectors. The vibrations most difficult to
    compensate for are those that change relatively slowly, at frequencies around once a second or less, yet astronomers predict that GW sources producing
    these slow variations should be interesting and abundant, from compact stellar-mass binary stars to gravitational events in the early universe.
    VIRGO
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    Home to a hypergiant | ESA/Hubble
    https://www.spacetelescope.org/images/potw1710a/

    VIRGO
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    Synthetic biology to help colonize Mars
    https://phys.org/news/2017-03-synthetic-biology-colonize-mars.html

    Shannon Dangle finished her PhD ready to take on a new challenge and set her sights on research to help make Mars colonization possible.
    But she isn't pursuing research on rocket fuels or space suits. She's using synthetic biology to improve biomanufacturing of needed resources
    using simple inputs like sunlight, water, and CO2.
    VIRGO
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    Hmm, zřejmě vzniká přímá úměra mezi vzrůstajícím počtem objevených exoplanet a pomateností jinak vcelku seriózních pozemšťanů... :DD

    Whole New Worlds: An Aladdin History of Exoplanets | A Capella Science, Trudbol, SamRobson, Gia Mora
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=gai8dMA19Sw
    VIRGO
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    Exoplanets, 4 billion-year-old life, Fermi’s paradox and zero-one laws « Math Scholar
    http://experimentalmath.org/.../exoplanets-4-billion-year-old-life-fermis-paradox-and-zero-one-laws/
    What do exoplanets, four-billion-year-old life, Fermi’s paradox and zero-one laws of probability
    theory have to do with each other? Quite a bit, actually. Let us review these developments, one by one
    VIRGO
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    Scientists believe they have found fossils dating back at least 3.8bn years – and they might even help us find life on other planets
    Do the Quebec fossils prove that life begin much earlier than we thought? | Science | The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/...the-quebec-fossils-prove-that-life-begin-much-earlier-than-we-thought
    VIRGO
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    8 things we know about Proxima b | Supernova Condensate
    https://supernovacondensate.net/2017/03/03/8-things-we-know-about-proxima-b/

    VIRGO
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    An excerpt from the Coursera class Science of the Solar System by Mike Brown.
    The class is free and online runs once every three months.

    Planet Nine
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v-ktWBtt7sc
    VIRGO
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    Konečně pořádek a jasno ohledně kvantové fyziky! Krásný zbytek neděle všem. :))

    Jim Carrey's Hilarious Sophisticated Coversation With Conan O'Brien
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mdbdyzEsqT8
    VIRGO
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    JULIANNE: Přesně. V takových chvílích je největší problém u mně doma
    mezi klávesnicí a židlí, protože si těch lidí vážím, a nechci je otravovat. Ale právě u nich je
    ta reakce takřka okamžitá, jsou opravdu úžasní! :) Pokora je to správné slovo.
    JULIANNE
    JULIANNE --- ---
    VIRGO: Díky za zjištění vysvětlení! Je super, že ses zeptal a že mohla okamžitě přijít odpověď. Ukázka skvělých technologií i lidí :).
    TOXYGEN
    TOXYGEN --- ---
    James Webb Space Telescope Launch and Deployment
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=v6ihVeEoUdo&feature=share


    zaujimavych 12 minut
    VIRGO
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    VIRGO
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    Neskutečné. Objevy už se kupí tak, že snad promění pesimistu v nadšence.. :))
    Not one but TWO (and maybe four) transiting rocky exoplanets around the nearby star HD 219134
    Two massive rocky planets transiting a K-dwarf 6.5 parsecs away : Nature Astronomy
    http://www.nature.com/articles/s41550-017-0056

    VIRGO
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    New Worlds, New Discoveries: A major leap in the search for life beyond our solar system
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-viA2gDtLfU
    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    Astronomers grapple with new era of fast radio bursts : Nature News & Comment
    http://www.nature.com/news/astronomers-grapple-with-new-era-of-fast-radio-bursts-1.21557
    Signals have progressed from astronomical peculiarity to mainstream research area.

    One of the most perplexing phenomena in astronomy has come of age. The fleeting blasts of energetic cosmic radiation of unknown cause,
    now known as fast radio bursts (FRBs), were first detected a decade ago. At the time, many astronomers dismissed the seemingly random
    blasts as little more than glitches. And although key facts, such as what causes them, are still largely a mystery, FRBs are now
    accepted as a genuine class of celestial signal and have spawned a field of their own.

    The passage was marked this month by the first major meeting on FRBs, held in Aspen, Colorado, on 12–17 February. As well as celebrating
    a fleet of searches for the signals, the meeting’s 80 delegates grappled with how best to design those hunts and pin down the signals’
    origins and precise distances. The trajectory mirrors that of astronomers 20 years ago when they were getting to grips with γ-ray bursts,
    which are now a staple of astronomical observation, says Bing Zhang, a theoretical astrophysicist at the University of Nevada, Las Vegas.

    VIRGO
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    Brian Greene Author | Festival of the Arts BOCA 2017
    https://www.festivaloftheartsboca.org/artists/brian-greene/
    Author of The Elegant Universe, theoretical physicist and entertaining communicator
    of cutting-edge scientific concepts, Beyond Einstein: Space, Time and Reality

    Brian Greene Explains The Most Powerful Explosions In The Universe
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=75szwX09pg8
    VIRGO
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    Včera večer jsem si předsevzal, že se dnes pokusím vyhledat problém, který mi leží v hlavě už pár měsíců (sobotní večer, klid a pohoda).
    Už jsem jej tady i před časem zmiňoval - proč FAST při tak komplexní architektuře nemá aktivní radarovou jednotku, která by mu umožnila
    monitorovat asteroidy a vůbec zajímavé dění kolem Země. Projíždět čínské ofiko materiály bylo dosti frustrující, protože se mi nepodařilo
    najít informaci, které bych se chytnul. Nezbylo než o5 otravovat profesionály (což dělám opravdu nerad, když vím, v jakém nonstop kalupu
    jsou), ovšem dnes to bylo rychlé a jednoduché, protože Rhysy byl online, a nevím o nikom lepším (číňanů se fakt ptát nebudu),
    a má za sebou práci na Arecibo... Odpověď je moc zajímavá, pastuji bez úprav. A hned se jdu pořádně kouknout na podrobnosti. Pro úplnost
    uvádím i otázku. Není to poprvé, kdy jsem od něj dostal pořádnou tech-nalejvárnu ohledně srovnání F/A
    Díky nebesům za tak skvělé, erudované a zároveň otevřené lidi!

    Wondering why there is no active radar unit at FAST. It´s probably not a question of budget, is it?
    How they can give up of such a chance to monitor NEOs and other interesting rocks while having such a big and complex architecture?


    RT: I believe it's a question of weight and design. FAST has a very different, much lighter instrument platform than Arecibo.
    This means it can be moved laterally and vertically, so as the dish is deformed to change the focal point the whole instrument
    platform moves too - which gives it a much larger field of view than Arecibo. The disadvantage is that the platform is too light
    to hold many instruments at once - especially radar transmitters which are heavy, bulky things (because of the ~1 MW of power
    being transmitted they need large cooling systems).

    In fact rather than taking new instruments up to the platform, FAST's approach is to be able to lower the platform to the ground.
    Arecibo's heavier design has an advantage here : it has the receivers installed on a turntable which can be rotated to select
    whichever instrument is required for the observations at the push of a button. I forget the exact numbers, but Arecibo has
    around 10 available receivers at any one time whereas FAST will have something closer to 1.
    VIRGO
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    Astronomy Magazine - How the Hubble Space Telescope changed the cosmos | Astronomy Magazine
    http://www.astronomy.com/bonus/hubble?utm_content=buffer5f75d

    VIRGO
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    Datum oznámeno!
    MAST K2 - Trappist-1
    http://archive.stsci.edu/k2/trappist1/index.html

    The raw cadence data for the K2 observations of the TRAPPIST-1 system are expected
    to be made available on Tuesday March 7th at noon US Eastern time.

    VIRGO
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    https://www.nasa.gov/image-feature/goddard/2017/hubble-showcases-a-remarkable-galactic-hybrid

    This NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope image showcases the remarkable galaxy UGC 12591. UGC 12591 sits somewhere between a lenticular and a spiral.
    It lies just under 400 million light-years away from us in the westernmost region of the Pisces–Perseus Supercluster, a long chain of galaxy clusters
    that stretches out for hundreds of light-years — one of the largest known structures in the cosmos.

    The galaxy itself is also extraordinary: it is incredibly massive. The galaxy and its halo together contain several hundred billion times the mass
    of the sun; four times the mass of the Milky Way. It also whirls round extremely quickly, rotating at speeds of up to 1.8 million kilometers per hour.

    VIRGO
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    ALMA adds a new dimension to a Hubble Space Telescope result
    http://www.almaobservatory.org/.../1122-alma-adds-a-new-dimension-to-a-hubble-space-telescope-result

    An international team of astronomers, led by Hyosun Kim in Academia Sinica Institute of Astronomy and Astrophysics (ASIAA, Taiwan),
    has found a way of deriving the orbital shape of binary stars that have orbital periods too long to be directly measured. This new
    technique was possible thanks to an observation toward the old star LL Pegasi (also known as AFGL 3068) using the state-of-the-art
    telescope, the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA).

    VIRGO
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    Sice starší, ale tento trojlístek stojí za to.
    Televize NOE | TELEVIZE DOBRÝCH ZPRÁV
    http://www.tvnoe.cz/video/11926
    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    Mars Exploration Rovers Update: Opportunity Reaches Top of Endeavour Rim, Wraps Cape Tribulation | The Planetary Society
    http://www.planetary.org/...ns/mer-updates/2017/02-mer-update-opportunity-reaches-endeavour-rim.html
    Oppo Sols 4631 - 4657

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