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    VIRGOCosmos In Brief - Aktualní novinky vesmírného výzkumu v kostce
    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    VIRGO: Pátý průlet úspěšně absolvován (pátek 8h SELČ).
    Všechny přístroje i JunoCam nabíraly data. První snímky ke stažení:
    JunoCam : Processing | Mission Juno
    https://www.missionjuno.swri.edu/junocam/processing

    PRJ 19/05 - proc. J. Majora

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    VIRGO: Čerstvé info z první ruky (Jasona Wrighta)!

    Tabby's Star is dimming right now (archived video of chat with Jason Wright)
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eYpIGZS8nJc


    Astronomers scramble as ‘alien megastructure’ star dims again | New Scientist
    https://www.newscientist.com/...2131871-astronomers-scramble-as-alien-megastructure-star-dims-again/

    The most famously weird star in our galaxy is acting up again. On Friday, 19 May, Tabby’s star began to dim,
    carrying on a history of mysterious dips in brightness. Astronomers are scrambling to point as many telescopes
    as possible at the star, which is 1,300 light-years away in the constellation Cygnus, to decipher its strange signal.

    In 2015, a team of astronomers led by Yale’s Tabetha Boyajian saw the light from the star KIC 8462852 suddenly and
    repeatedly dip in brightness. The star dimmed by up to 22 per cent before it returned to normal.

    Then, in 2016, a review of old photographic plates revealed that KIC 8462852 dimmed by 14 per cent between 1890 and 1989.
    The star, nicknamed Tabby’s star after Boyajian, faded by another 3 per cent over the four years it was observed by t
    he Kepler space observatory.

    Astronomers have come up with a huge variety of different potential explanations for the star’s strange behaviour.
    Some say it could be because of its interior dynamics, some say it could be surrounded by a swarm of asteroids and debris.
    Or maybe it’s dimming because it devoured a planet at some time in the past. Most famously, some astronomers have said that
    the dimming could be caused by an orbiting alien megastructure.

    Because Tabby’s star has cultivated such an air of mystery, the response to its new dimming has been quick and enthusiastic,
    with some telescope observations of the star already planned over the next few days. If we’re lucky, new observations may
    just help us figure out what’s making KIC 8462852 dim (it’s probably not aliens).
    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    !!!!!!!!!!!

    Tabetha Boyajian‏: TabbysStar IS DIPPING! OBSERVE!!

    Tabetha Boyajian on Twitter: "#TabbysStar IS DIPPING! OBSERVE!! @NASAKepler @LCO_Global @keckobservatory @AAVSO @nexssinfo @NASA @NASAHubble @Astro_Wright @BerkeleySETI"
    https://twitter.com/tsboyajian/status/865530700128075780

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    Large volcanic eruption may have caused the first mass extinction | Science Bulletin
    http://sciencebulletin.org/archives/13088.html

    Researchers in the USA and Japan say they may have found the cause of the first mass extinction of life.

    There have been five mass extinctions since the divergent evolution of early animals 600 -450 million years ago.
    The cause of the third and fourth was volcanic activity, while an asteroid impact led to the fifth. But triggers
    of the first and second mass extinctions had, until now, been unknown.
    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    ‘Styrofoam’ Planet May Help Solve Mystery of Giant Planets | News Article | Lehigh University
    https://www1.lehigh.edu/...s/%E2%80%98styrofoam%E2%80%99-planet-may-help-solve-mystery-giant-planets

    Fifth-graders making Styrofoam models of the solar system may have the right idea. Lehigh researchers have discovered a new planet
    orbiting a star 320 light years from Earth that has the density of Styrofoam. This “puffy planet” outside our solar system may help
    solve the long-standing mystery of the existence of a population of highly inflated giant planets.

    “It is highly inflated, so that while it’s only a fifth as massive as Jupiter, it is nearly 40 percent larger, making it about as
    dense as Styrofoam, with an extraordinarily thick atmosphere,” said Joshua Pepper, astronomer and assistant professor of physics
    at Lehigh, who led the study with researchers from Vanderbilt University and Ohio State University, along with researchers at
    universities and observatories and amateur astronomers around the world.

    The research, “KELT-11b: A Highly Inflated Sub-Saturn Exoplanet Transiting the V+8 Subgiant HD 93396,”
    is published in The Astronomical Journal.

    The planet, called KELT-11b, is an extreme version of a gas planet, like Jupiter or Saturn, but is orbiting very close to its host
    star in an orbit that lasts less than five days. The star, KELT-11, has started using up its nuclear fuel and is evolving into
    a red giant, so the planet will be engulfed by its star and will not survive the next hundred million years.
    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    2017-06-OTS44-disk | Max Planck Institute for Astronomy
    http://www.mpia.de/news/science/2017-06-ots44-disk

    First radio observations of the lonely, planet-like object OTS44 reveal a dusty protoplanetary disk that is very similar
    to disks around young stars. This is unexpected, given that models of star and planet formation predict that formation
    from a collapsing cloud, forming a central object with surrounding disk, should not be possible for such low-mass objects.
    Apparently, stars and planet-like objects are more similar than previously thought. The finding, by an international team
    led by Amelia Bayo and including several astronomers from the Max Planck Institute for Astronomy, has been published
    in Astrophysical Journal Letters.

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    XENON1T, the most sensitive detector on Earth searching for WIMP dark matter, releases its first result

    This is how scientists behind XENON1T, now the most sensitive dark matter experiment world-wide, hosted in the INFN Laboratori
    Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Italy, commented on their first result from a short 30-day run presented today to the scientific community.

    Despite the shortness of the 30-day science run the sensitivity of XENON1T has already overcome that of any other experiment in the field,
    probing un-explored dark matter territory. “WIMPs did not show up in this first search with XENON1T, but we also did not expect them so soon!”
    says Elena Aprile, Professor at Columbia University and spokesperson of the project. “The best news is that the experiment continues to accumulate
    excellent data which will allow us to test quite soon the WIMP hypothesis in a region of mass and cross-section with normal atoms as never before.
    A new phase in the race to detect dark matter with ultra-low background massive detectors on Earth has just began with XENON1T. We are proud
    to be at the forefront of the race with this amazing detector, the first of its kind.”

    XENON1T, the most sensitive detector on Earth searching for WIMP dark matter, releases its first result | The XENON Experiment
    https://science.purdue.edu/xenon1t/?p=813

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    Astronomers make the largest map of the Universe yet | SDSS | Press Releases
    http://www.sdss.org/press-releases/astronomers-make-the-largest-map-of-the-universe-yet/

    Astronomers with the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) have created the first map of the large-scale structure of the Universe based
    entirely on the positions of quasars. Quasars are the incredibly bright and distant points of light powered by supermassive black holes.

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    Juno Scientists Prepare for Fifth Science Pass of Jupiter
    https://www.nasa.gov/feature/jpl/juno-scientists-prepare-for-fifth-science-pass-of-jupiter

    NASA's Juno spacecraft will make its fifth science flyby over Jupiter's mysterious cloud tops on Thursday, May 18.
    At the time of perijove (defined as the point in Juno’s orbit when it is closest to the planet's center), the spacecraft
    will have logged 102 million kilometers in Jupiter’s orbit and will be about 3 500 kilometers above the planet's cloud tops.

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    Budoucí infra devítimetr ve vesmíru
    ORIGINS Space Telescope
    http://origins.ipac.caltech.edu/

    How Cool is That? Exploring the Low-Temperature Universe
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=MYw2mkoMQ_c


    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    Stunning 4K Space Telescope Ultra HD Time lapse Compilation : ESO Astronomy
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lqUgqGdkrzI
    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    Detecting Photosynthesis on Exoplanets
    https://www.centauri-dreams.org/?p=37767

    Breakthrough Discuss 2017 - SETI observations of Proxima b
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qAC_SttPBE0
    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    ALMA Eyes Icy Ring Around Young Planetary System
    http://www.almaobservatory.org/en/press-room/1165-alma-eyes-icy-ring-around-young-planetary-system

    An international team of astronomers using the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA)
    has made the first complete millimeter-wavelength image of the ring of dusty debris surrounding
    the young star Fomalhaut. This remarkably well-defined band of rubble and gas is likely the result
    of exocomets smashing together near the outer edges of a planetary system 25 light-years from Earth.
    Observations Suggest Chemical Kinship to Comets in Our Own Solar System.

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2017/hubble-spots-moon-around-third-largest-dwarf-planet

    The combined power of three space observatories, including NASA's Hubble Space Telescope, has helped astronomers uncover a moon
    orbiting the third largest dwarf planet, catalogued as 2007 OR10. The pair resides in the frigid outskirts of our solar system
    called the Kuiper Belt, a realm of icy debris left over from our solar system's formation 4.6 billion years ago.

    With this discovery, most of the known dwarf planets in the Kuiper Belt larger than 600 miles across have companions.
    These bodies provide insight into how moons formed in the young solar system.

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    The Future of SETI w/ Ground-Based Telescopes
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jy-HlhWLS4A


    Where are we in our search for extraterrestrial life? What is the future and how will ground-based telescopes help?

    The first modern SETI experiment was created by Frank Drake in 1960 with Project Ozma. Over 50 years later, we still
    haven't heard a radio signal from an intelligent extraterrestrial species.

    What is the future of SETI with ground-based telescopes? What percentage of the radio frequencies have we surveyed?
    Are there new developments in AI and data processing on the horizon that will make it easier to search through SETI
    data? With new funding sources from the Breakthrough Foundation be the extra funding needed to uncover a SETI signal?

    Join Tony Darnell, Dr. Andrew Siemion, Dr. Franck Marchis, Jon Richards and Dr. Svetlana Berdyugina as we delve into
    these topics.

    https://www.facebook.com/DeepAstronomy/videos/vb.134968529902067/1365379646860943/?type=2&theater
    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    SKA SA presents first Array Release 1.5 images taken with MeerKAT 32 to Minister Naledi Pandor – SKA SA
    http://www.ska.ac.za/...st-array-release-1-5-images-taken-with-meerkat-32-to-minister-naledi-pandor/

    The Minister of Science and Technology, Naledi Pandor, delivered the Budget Vote of the Department of Science and Technology in
    Parliament on Tuesday, 16 May 2017. Students sponsored by SKA SA and staff members were invited to attend in the gallery. Prior
    to the Budget Vote, the Minister embarked on a tour of the exhibition at the Iziko Museum, where SKA SA joined other exhibitors
    for the showcase.

    During the Minister’s visit to the exhibition, SKA SA Chief Scientist Dr Fernando Camilo and SKA SA Head of Science Commissioning
    Dr Sharmila Goedhart, released to the Minister the recent AR1.5 results, images achieved by using various configurations of the 32
    antennas currently operational in the Karoo. This milestone of the integration of 32 antennas with single polarisation correlator
    was achieved on schedule by the end of March 2017. The 32 antennas are part of the eventual 64 instruments which are being built
    at the Losberg site in the Northern Cape.

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    https://www.nasa.gov/feature/goddard/2017/nasa-mission-uncovers-dance-of-electrons-in-space

    You can’t see them, but swarms of electrons are buzzing through the magnetic environment — the magnetosphere — around Earth.
    The electrons spiral and dive around the planet in a complex dance dictated by the magnetic and electric fields. When they
    penetrate into the magnetosphere close enough to Earth, the high-energy electrons can damage satellites in orbit and trigger
    auroras. Scientists with NASA’s Magnetospheric Multiscale, or MMS, mission study the electrons’ dynamics to better understand
    their behavior. A new study, published in Journal of Geophysical Research revealed a bizarre new type of motion exhibited
    by these electrons.

    Exploring Reconnection - Guide Field Off
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YIBG5ZAPwW4
    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    National Optical Astronomy Observatory Press Release: Punching Above Its Weight, a Brown Dwarf Launches a Parsec-Scale Jet
    https://www.noao.edu/news/2017/pr1701.php

    Astronomers using the SOAR telescope at the Cerro Tololo Inter-American Observatory report the discovery of a spectacular extended jet
    from a young brown dwarf. With masses too low to sustain hydrogen fusion in their interiors, brown dwarfs occupy the mass range between
    stars and giant planets. While young stars are commonly found to launch jets that extend over a light year or more, this is the first
    jet with a similar extent detected from a brown dwarf. The result lends new insight into how substellar objects form.

    Intrinsically faint, brown dwarfs have been more elusive and difficult to study than stars. Although they are often portrayed as exotic
    creatures as a result, brown dwarfs are actually far more numerous in our Galaxy than stars like the Sun. The discovery, accepted for
    publication in the Astrophysical Journal, supports the emerging picture that brown dwarfs form similarly to stars.

    The image shows the jet, HH 1165, launched by the brown dwarf Mayrit 1701117 in the outer periphery of the 3 million year old sigma Ori
    cluster. Traced by emission from singly ionized sulfur, which appears green in the image, the jet extends 0.7 light years (equivalent to
    0.2 parsecs) northwest of the brown dwarf. The emission knots along the jet reveal that the mass loss is time variable, probably a result
    of episodic accretion onto the brown dwarf. The red nebulosity southeast of the brown dwarf is a reflection nebula that traces the outflow
    cavity in the direction of the counterjet.

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    Snowball Earth melting led to freshwater ocean 2 kilometres deep | New Scientist
    https://www.newscientist.com/...25-snowball-earth-melting-led-to-freshwater-ocean-2-kilometres-deep/

    A little more than 600 million years ago, you could have drunk from the ocean.

    After an extreme ice age known as snowball Earth, in which glaciers extended to the tropics and ice up to a kilometre thick covered the oceans,
    the melt formed a thick freshwater layer that floated on the super-salty oceans.

    Those freshwater surface seas lasted far longer than thought, according to research by Dorian Abbot, a geologist at the University of Chicago,
    and his colleagues. Their mathematical models showed that it took around 50,000 years for the two layers to fully merge.

    “This is interesting because the modern ocean mixes on a timescale of only about 1000 years,” says Abbot.

    The much slower mixing was due to the huge density and temperature differences between the layers. During the snowball phase, half the oceans’
    water ended up as snow and ice. The remaining seas were twice as salty as today, and near their freezing point.

    Once the ice melted, driven by a runaway greenhouse effect caused by volcanic eruptions, it formed a freshwater layer up to 2 kilometres thick.
    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    Our View of the Cosmos Is About to Get a Tremendous Upgrade
    https://futurism.com/2-the-way-were-looking-for-alien-life-is-changing/

    Nasa's Kepler Telescope has confirmed 3486 exoplanets, 361 of which it considers terrestrial:
    how are scientists responding to the question of how to detect life on these promising but distant worlds?

    Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS)
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mpViVEO-ymc
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