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    VIRGOCosmos In Brief - Aktualní novinky vesmírného výzkumu v kostce
    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    +2
    XCHAOS: Jasně, ale bylo na to uvaleno nejtvrdší informační embargo v letošním roce. I bonzák Krauss už ani nepíp... :))
    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    Microbes leave "fingerprints" on Martian rocks
    http://medienportal.univie.ac.at/...ailansicht/artikel/microbes-leave-fingerprints-on-martian-rocks/

    Scientists around Tetyana Milojevic from the Faculty of Chemistry at the University of Vienna are in search of unique biosignatures,
    which are left on synthetic extraterrestrial minerals by microbial activity. The biochemist and astrobiologist investigates these
    signatures at her own miniaturized "Mars farm" where she can observe interactions between the archaeon Metallosphaera sedula and Mars-
    like rocks. These microbes are capable of oxidizing and integrating metals into their metabolism. The original research was currently
    published in the journal "Frontiers in Microbiology".

    PANAAK
    PANAAK --- ---
    +2
    KATRIN is a German acronym (Karlsruhe Tritium Neutrino Experiment) for an undertaking to measure the mass of the electron antineutrino with sub-eV precision by examining the spectrum of electrons emitted from the beta decay of tritium. The core of the apparatus is a 200-ton spectrometer. In 2015, the commissioning measurements on this spectrometer were completed, successfully verifying its basic vacuum, transmission and background properties.[1] The experiment began running tests in October 2016, with measurements scheduled in 2017.[2]



    KATRIN - Wikipedia
    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/KATRIN

    // let's hunt those tiny bastards down with this little contraption!
    PANAAK
    PANAAK --- ---
    +1
    XCHAOS: jj, uz se to proslychalo v srpnu: https://telescoper.wordpress.com/2017/08/23/ligo-leaks-and-ngc-4993/
    XCHAOS
    XCHAOS --- ---
    2 odpovědi
    VIRGO: tohle je docela velký, podle všeho:
    Astronomers Strike Gravitational Gold In Colliding Neutron Stars - Slashdot
    https://science.slashdot.org/...206/astronomers-strike-gravitational-gold-in-colliding-neutron-stars
    A New Rosetta Stone for Astronomy - The Atlantic
    https://www.theatlantic.com/science/archive/2017/10/astronomers-have-seen-the-light/542907/

    ...ale nebyla o tom nějaká letmá zmínka už v tom srpnu?
    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    1 odpověď+2
    New Gravitational Wave Discovery (Press Conference and Online Q&A Session)
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mtLPKYl4AHs
    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    +1
    ESO Telescopes Observe First Light from Gravitational Wave Source | ESO
    http://www.eso.org/public/news/eso1733/

    ESO’s fleet of telescopes in Chile have detected the first visible counterpart to a gravitational wave source.
    These historic observations suggest that this unique object is the result of the merger of two neutron stars.
    The cataclysmic aftermaths of this kind of merger — long-predicted events called kilonovae — disperse heavy
    elements such as gold and platinum throughout the Universe. This discovery, published in several papers in
    the journal Nature and elsewhere, also provides the strongest evidence yet that short-duration gamma-ray
    bursts are caused by mergers of neutron stars.

    ESOcast 133: ESO Telescopes Observe First Light from Gravitational Wave Source
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=WucRHOPTpD4
    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    +5
    https://www.nasa.gov/press-release/nasa-missions-catch-first-light-from-a-gravitational-wave-event

    For the first time, NASA scientists have detected light tied to a gravitational-wave event, thanks to two merging neutron stars in the galaxy
    NGC 4993, located about 130 million light-years from Earth in the constellation Hydra.

    Shortly after 8:41 a.m. EDT on Aug. 17, NASA's Fermi Gamma-ray Space Telescope picked up a pulse of high-energy light from a powerful explosion,
    which was immediately reported to astronomers around the globe as a short gamma-ray burst. The scientists at the National Science Foundation’s
    Laser Interferometer Gravitational-wave Observatory (LIGO) detected gravitational waves dubbed GW170817 from a pair of smashing stars tied to
    the gamma-ray burst, encouraging astronomers to look for the aftermath of the explosion. Shortly thereafter, the burst was detected as part of
    a follow-up analysis by ESA’s (European Space Agency’s) INTEGRAL satellite.

    NASA's Swift, Hubble, Chandra and Spitzer missions, along with dozens of ground-based observatories, including the NASA-funded Pan-STARRS survey,
    later captured the fading glow of the blast's expanding debris.

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    VIRGO:

    Neutron-Star Merger Detected By Many Eyes and Ears
    http://aasnova.org/2017/10/16/neutron-star-merger-detected-by-many-eyes-and-ears/

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    The Remarkable Jet of the Quasar 4C+19.44su201739 | www.cfa.harvard.edu/
    https://www.cfa.harvard.edu/news/su201739

    Quasars are galaxies with massive black holes at their cores. So much energy is being radiated from near the nucleus of a quasar
    that it is much brighter than the rest of the entire galaxy. Much of that radiation is at radio wavelengths, produced by electrons
    ejected from the core at speeds very close to that of light, often in narrow, bipolar jets that are hundreds of thousands of light-
    years long. The fast-moving charged particles can also scatter photons of light, kicking them up in energy into the X-ray range.
    Even after more than two decades of study, however, there is still no clear conclusion as to the physical mechanism actually
    responsible for the X-ray emission. In more powerful quasars, it does appear that this scattering process dominates. In lower power
    jets, however, the emission characteristics suggest that the X-ray emission is dominated by magnetic field effects, not scattering.

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    1 odpověď+3
    Astronomers See Light Show Associated With Gravitational Waves2017-30 | www.cfa.harvard.edu/
    https://www.cfa.harvard.edu/news/2017-30

    Marking the beginning of a new era in astrophysics, scientists have detected gravitational waves and electromagnetic radiation,
    or light, from the same event for the first time. This historic discovery reveals the merger of two neutron stars, the dense cores
    of dead stars, and resolves the debate about how the heaviest elements such as platinum and gold were created in the Universe.

    To achieve this remarkable result, thousands of scientists around the world have worked feverishly using data from telescopes on
    the ground and in space. Researchers at the Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics (CfA) in Cambridge, Mass., have played
    a pivotal role. A series of eight papers led by CfA astronomers and their colleagues detail the complete story of the aftermath
    of this event and examine clues about its origin.

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    A 3D step towards sorting out the Gamma-Ray Bursts zoo — English
    http://www.inaf.it/en/inaf-news/gold-grb

    A powerful tool for characterizing and classifying gamma-ray bursts (GRBs) to allow their use as tracers of the expansion
    history of the universe has recently been presented by an international team of researchers led by Dr. Maria Dainotti

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SCMyfrOKnU0

    http://www.skyandtelescope.com/...dickinson/asteroid-2012-tc4-set-to-zip-past-the-earth-on-thursday/

    A small space rock designated 2012 TC4 will pass 31,180 miles (50,180 kilometers from the Earth over the southern Pacific Ocean on Thursday, October 12,
    2017 at 1:42 a.m. EDT / 5:42 Universal Time (UT). Moving at 7.6 kilometers per second relative to the Earth at closest approach, this house-sized rock is
    about 13 meters in diameter, a little smaller than the 20-meter meteor which exploded over Chelyabinsk, Russia on February 15, 2013.



    http://www.astrowatch.net/2017/10/close-approach-of-asteroid-2012-tc4_10.html

    Calculations revealed by JPL in July 2017 indicated that 2012 TC4 could pass as close as 4,200 miles (6,800 kilometers). These results were based on only
    seven days of tracking of this asteroid after it was discovered. However, new observations of this space rock conducted at the European Southern Observatory
    (ESO) by Olivier Hainaut, Detlef Koschny and Marco Micheli of the European Space Agency (ESA) in July and August 2017, show different estimates.

    “The new calculations indicate that TC4 will fly safely past our planet on Oct. 12, at a distance of about 43,500 kilometers (27,000 miles) above the surface,
    or about one-eighth of the distance to the Moon,” JPL informed. Therefore, new data provided by the latest observational campaign exclude the possibility of
    2012 TC4 hitting our planet. Harris underlines that even if this asteroid crashed into Earth it would not cause any major damage.

    “It is small enough (about the size of the Chelyabinsk meteor) that even if it impacted it would be unlikely to cause any major damage. Recall that the Chelyabinsk
    meteor only caused substantial damage and injuries because it chanced to hit over a populated area. Over most of the Earth's area, it would have been completely
    harmless,” Harris said.

    https://www.virtualtelescope.eu/webtv/

    http://spaceweathergallery.com/indiv_upload.php?upload_id=139842



    http://spaceweathergallery.com/indiv_upload.php?upload_id=139841

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    +1
    The Prospect of Neutrinos with Gravitational Waves
    http://aasnova.org/2017/10/09/the-prospect-of-neutrinos-with-gravitational-waves/

    With the first detection of gravitational waves in 2015, scientists celebrated the opening of a new window to the universe.
    But multi-messenger astronomy — astronomy based on detections of not just photons, but other signals as well — was not a new
    idea at the time: we had already detected tiny, lightweight neutrinos emitted from astrophysical sources. Will we be able to
    combine observations of neutrinos and gravitational waves in the future to provide a deeper picture of astrophysical events?

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    +1
    PANTARIL:
    https://arxiv.org/abs/1709.05024
    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    China's huge new FAST radio telescope discovers two new pulsars
    https://gbtimes.com/chinas-huge-new-fast-radio-telescope-discovers-two-new-pulsars

    Chinese scientists working on the 500m FAST telescope have announced the discovery of two new pulsars,
    marking the first confirmed finds from the world's largest radio telescope.

    The new pulsars PSR J1859-01 and PSR J1931-02, also referred to as FAST pulsar #1 and #2 (FP1 and FP2),
    were detected on August 22 and 25, and were confirmed by the Parkes telescope in Australia on September 10.

    “FP1 is a pulsar with a spin period of 1.83 second and an estimated distance of 16 thousand light-years,
    and FP2, is a pulsar with a spin period of 0.59 second and an estimated distance of 4,100 light years,”
    said Li Di, Deputy Chief Engineer of FAST Project at the National Astronomical Observatories (NAOC).

    PANTARIL
    PANTARIL --- ---
    1 odpověď+7
    Half the universe’s missing matter has just been finally found | New Scientist
    https://www.newscientist.com/...n=Echobox&utm_medium=Social&utm_source=Facebook#link_time=1507550067



    The missing links between galaxies have finally been found. This is the first detection of the roughly half of the normal matter in our universe – protons, neutrons and electrons – unaccounted for by previous observations of stars, galaxies and other bright objects in space.

    Both teams took advantage of a phenomenon called the Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effect that occurs when light left over from the big bang passes through hot gas

    In 2015, the Planck satellite created a map of this effect throughout the observable universe. Because the tendrils of gas between galaxies are so diffuse, the dim blotches they cause are far too slight to be seen directly on Planck’s map.

    Both teams selected pairs of galaxies from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey that were expected to be connected by a strand of baryons. They stacked the Planck signals for the areas between the galaxies, making the individually faint strands detectable en masse.

    Tanimura’s team stacked data on 260,000 pairs of galaxies, and de Graaff’s group used over a million pairs. Both teams found definitive evidence of gas filaments between the galaxies.
    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    Look up! Here's your unique chance to see a newly discovered comet - ScienceAlert
    http://www.sciencealert.com/look-up-here-s-your-unique-chance-to-see-a-newly-discovered-comet

    Binoculars at the ready!

    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    +2
    JULIANNE: Moc dík za výtečný rozhovor s Christophem Sotinem! Přebil i úvodní "klasiku" pana Grygara! Skvělá práce, doporučuji všem! :)

    https://www.facebook.com/...2407170955343.1073741828.183234438539283/685987504930638/?type=3&theater
    VIRGO
    VIRGO --- ---
    Team led by UCLA astrophysicist observes primitive comet 1.5 billion miles from the sun | UCLA
    http://newsroom.ucla.edu/...a-astrophysicist-observes-primitive-comet-1-5-billion-miles-from-the-sun

    A team of astronomers led by UCLA professor David Jewitt has identified a “special comet” 1.5 billion miles from the sun.
    No other comet heading toward our sun has ever been seen at such a great distance.

    Jewitt said the discovery will enable scientists to monitor the developing activity of a comet over an extraordinary range of distances.

    C/2017 K2 (PANSTARRS), or K2 for short, is currently beyond Saturn’s orbit, and it has been traveling for millions of years from its home
    in the frigid outer reaches of the solar system, where the temperature is approximately 440 degrees below zero Fahrenheit. It was
    photographed by NASA’s Hubble Space Telescope, and the researchers’ observations were reported in the Astrophysical Journal Letters.

    K2’s orbit indicates it came from the Oort Cloud, a very large spherical region thought to contain hundreds of billions of comets.

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