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    VIRGOCosmos In Brief - Aktualní novinky vesmírného výzkumu v kostce
    VIRGO
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    University of Leeds | News > Science > New models give insight into the heart of the Rosette Nebula
    http://www.leeds.ac.uk/.../article/4183/new_models_give_insight_into_the_heart_of_the_rosette_nebula

    New research, led by the University of Leeds, offers an explanation for the discrepancy between the size and age of the Rosetta Nebula’s central cavity and that of its central stars.

    The Rosette Nebula in the Milky Way Galaxy, roughly 5,000 light-years from Earth, is known for its rose-like shape and distinctive hole at its centre. The nebula is an interstellar cloud
    of dust, hydrogen, helium and other ionised gases with several massive stars found in a cluster at its heart. Stellar winds and ionising radiation from these massive stars affect the shape
    of the giant molecular cloud. But the size and age of the cavity observed in the centre of Rosette Nebula is too small when compared to the age of its central stars — something that has
    puzzled astronomers for decades.

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    ESOcast 152 Light: ESO’s VLT Working as Single Huge Telescope for First Time (4K UHD)
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VgzzqFXenJ4


    Dalekohledy VLT mohou pracovat jako jeden teleskop o průměru 16 metrů | ESO Česko
    http://www.eso.org/public/czechrepublic/news/eso1806/?lang

    Přístroj ESPRESSO poprvé zachytil světlo ze všech čtyř hlavních teleskopů systému VLT pracujících na observatoři ESO/Paranal v Chile. Kombinace světla
    získaného současně čtveřicí dalekohledů s primárními zrcadly o průměru 8,2 m učinila z VLT optický teleskop s největší sběrnou plochou na světě.

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    An X-ray Camera that can Resolve Tens of Thousands of X-ray Colors | Science Mission Directorate
    https://science.nasa.gov/...chnology-stories/x-ray-camera-resolves-tens-of-thousands-of-x-ray-colors

    NASA is part of an international team developing a cutting edge microcalorimeter X-ray camera that will provide extraordinarily detailed information
    about energetic cosmic phenomena. An X-ray microcalorimeter is a non-dispersive spectrometer that uses an equilibrium approach to energy measurement—
    the energy of an X-ray photon heats an isolated thermal mass, and the temperature change is measured. With each improvement, new mission concepts
    are developed that require even larger arrays.

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    Are We Really Missing Small Galaxies?
    http://aasnova.org/2018/02/12/are-we-really-missing-small-galaxies/

    One long-standing astrophysical puzzle is that of so-called “missing” dwarf galaxies: the number of small dwarf galaxies that we
    observe is far fewer than that predicted by theory. New simulations, however, suggest that perhaps there’s no mystery after all.

    VIRGO
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    Dark Energy: A New Assignment for a 45-Year-Old Telescope
    http://newscenter.lbl.gov/...g-the-dark-energy-mystery-a-new-assignment-for-a-45-year-old-telescope/

    Berkeley Lab scientists prepare for the installation of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument in Arizona

    The Life of a Lens: Chronicling the Creation of a Single Lens for DESI
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=4u1CMwRUDrI


    Forty-five years ago this month, a telescope tucked inside a 14-story, 500-ton dome atop a mile-high peak in Arizona took in the night sky for the first time and recorded
    its observations in glass photographic plates. Today, the dome closes on the previous science chapters of the 4-meter Nicholas U. Mayall Telescope so that it can prepare for its
    new role in creating the largest 3-D map of the universe. This map could help to solve the mystery of dark energy, which is driving the accelerating expansion of the universe.

    The temporary closure sets in motion the largest overhaul in the telescope’s history and sets the stage for the installation of the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI),
    which will begin a five-year observing run next year at the National Science Foundation’s Kitt Peak National Observatory – part of the National Optical Astronomy Observatory.

    VIRGO
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    R.I.P.
    Joseph Polchinski, 63, Leading Theorist on Multiple Universes, Dies - The New York Times
    https://www.nytimes.com/...ies/joseph-polchinski-63-leading-theorist-on-multiple-universes-dies.html

    Joseph Polchinski, one of the most creative physicists of his generation, whose work helped lay the mathematical foundation for the controversial proposition that
    our universe is only one in an almost endless assemblage that cosmologists call the “multiverse,” died on Friday at his home in Santa Barbara, Calif. He was 63.

    His death was announced by the University of California, Santa Barbara, where he was a longtime professor and a permanent member of the Kavli Institute for
    Theoretical Physics. He had been treated for brain cancer since late 2015.

    VIRGO
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    (OLD) Flyby of 2018 CB
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=1&v=DZ1C4J44SWc


    Asteroid 2018 CB Zips by Earth Friday: Watch it Online - Sky & Telescope
    http://www.skyandtelescope.com/astronomy-news/asteroid-2018-cb-graze-earth-friday-watch-online/

    A newly-discovered asteroid passes just 44,000 miles from Earth Friday. You can watch it from the comfort of your home.

    Potentially hazardous and near-Earth asteroids zing through Earth's neighborhood nearly every day. Since the weekend, seven small asteroids —
    including two potentially hazardous ones — came within 0.5 to 16 times the distance of the Moon. The largest, 2002 AJ29, was all of 2,100 feet
    (640 meters) across. The work week ends with an exceptionally close approach of asteroid 2018 CB, which will skim just 44,000 miles past Earth
    around 5 p.m. Eastern Time (22:00 UT) Friday, February 9th.

    VIRGO
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    https://www.nasa.gov/image-feature/goddard/2018/hubbles-lonely-firework-display

    Roughly 50 million light-years away lies a somewhat overlooked little galaxy named NGC 1559. Pictured here by Hubble’s Wide Field Camera 3,
    this barred spiral lies in the little-observed southern constellation of Reticulum (the Reticule).

    NGC 1559 has massive spiral arms chock-full of star formation, and is receding from us at a speed of about 808 miles per second (1,300 kilometers per second).
    The galaxy contains the mass of around ten billion suns — while this may sound like a lot, it is over 20 times less massive than the Milky Way. Although NGC 1559
    appears in the sky near one of our closest galaxy neighbors, the Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC), this is just a trick of perspective. In reality, NGC 1559 is
    physically nowhere near the LMC in space — in fact, it truly is a loner, lacking the company of any nearby galaxies or membership of any galaxy cluster.

    VIRGO
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    ESA Science & Technology: Leaky atmosphere linked to lightweight planet
    http://sci.esa.int/mars-express/59972-leaky-atmosphere-linked-to-lightweight-planet/

    The Red Planet's low gravity and lack of magnetic field makes its outermost atmosphere an easy target to be swept away by the solar
    wind, but new evidence from ESA's Mars Express spacecraft shows that the Sun's radiation may play a surprising role in its escape.

    VIRGO
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    Nádhera!
    https://www.nasa.gov/feature/new-horizons-captures-record-breaking-images-in-the-kuiper-belt

    NASA’s New Horizons spacecraft recently turned its telescopic camera toward a field of stars, snapped an image – and made history.

    The routine calibration frame of the “Wishing Well” galactic open star cluster, made by the Long Range Reconnaissance Imager (LORRI) on Dec. 5, was taken when New
    Horizons was 3.79 billion miles (6.12 billion kilometers, or 40.9 astronomical units) from Earth – making it, for a time, the farthest image ever made from Earth.

    New Horizons was even farther from home than NASA’s Voyager 1 when it captured the famous “Pale Blue Dot” image of Earth. That picture was part of a composite of 60
    images looking back at the solar system, on Feb. 14, 1990, when Voyager was 3.75 billion miles (6.06 billion kilometers, or about 40.5 astronomical units [AU]) from
    Earth. Voyager 1’s cameras were turned off shortly after that portrait, leaving its distance record unchallenged for more than 27 years.

    LORRI broke its own record just two hours later with images of Kuiper Belt objects 2012 HZ84 and 2012 HE85 – further demonstrating how nothing stands still when
    you’re covering more than 700,000 miles (1.1 million kilometers) of space each day.

    VIRGO
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    Are you rocky or are you gassy? Carnegie astronomers help unlock the mysteries of super-Earths | Carnegie Institution for Science
    https://carnegiescience.edu/node/2293

    A star about 100 light years away in the Pisces constellation, GJ 9827, hosts what may be one of the most massive and dense
    super-Earth planets detected to date according to new research led by Carnegie’s Johanna Teske. This new information provides
    evidence to help astronomers better understand the process by which such planets form.

    Teske Whiteboard
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?time_continue=1&v=n-QTe21du-0
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    https://www.nasa.gov/feature/jpl/tiny-crystal-shapes-get-close-look-from-mars-rover

    Star-shaped and swallowtail-shaped tiny, dark bumps in fine-layered bright bedrock of a Martian ridge are drawing close inspection by NASA's Curiosity Mars rover.

    This set of shapes looks familiar to geologists who have studied gypsum crystals formed in drying lakes on Earth, but Curiosity's science team is considering multiple
    possibilities for the origin of these features on "Vera Rubin Ridge" on Mars.

    VIRGO
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    A New Look at Speeding Outflows
    http://aasnova.org/2018/02/07/a-new-look-at-speeding-outflows/

    The compact centers of active galaxies — known as active galactic nuclei, or AGN — are known for the dynamic behavior they exhibit as the supermassive black holes
    at their centers accrete matter. New observations of outflows from a nearby AGN provide a more detailed look at what happens in these extreme environments.

    VIRGO
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    Stellar winds behaving unexpectedly / Space Science / Our Activities / ESA
    http://www.esa.int/Our_Activities/Space_Science/Stellar_winds_behaving_unexpectedly

    ESA’s XMM-Newton has spotted surprising changes in the powerful streams of gas from two massive stars,
    suggesting that colliding stellar winds don’t behave as expected.

    VIRGO
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    TESS Undergoes Integration and Testing
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=h3rkTC7YHoQ
    VIRGO
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    https://www.nasa.gov/image-feature/jpl/pia22241/crater-tadpoles

    This image from NASA's Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO) shows an impact crater looking amusingly like a tadpole because of the valley that was carved by water that used to fill it.

    The map is projected here at a scale of 25 centimeters (9.8 inches) per pixel. [The original image scale is 32.9 centimeters (12.9 inches) per pixel (with 1 x 1 binning); objects
    on the order of 99 centimeters (38.9 inches) across are resolved.] North is up.

    VIRGO
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    https://www.nasa.gov/feature/jpl/juno-completes-tenth-science-orbit-of-jupiter

    Juno accomplished a close flyby over Jupiter’s churning atmosphere on Wednesday, Feb. 7, successfully completing its tenth science orbit. The closest approach was at 6:36 a.m. PST (9:36 a.m. PST) Earth-
    received time. At the time of perijove (the point in Juno's orbit when it is closest to the planet's center), the spacecraft will be about 2,100 miles (3,500 kilometers) above the planet's cloud tops.

    This flyby was a gravity science orientation pass. During orbits that highlight gravity experiments, Juno is in an Earth-pointed orientation that allows both the X-band and Ka-Band transmitter to downlink
    data in real-time to one of the antennas of NASA's Deep Space Network in Goldstone, California. All of Juno’s science instruments and the spacecraft’s JunoCam were in operation during the flyby, collecting
    data that is now being returned to Earth.

    VIRGO
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    Creating a hotspot for understanding Venus – the Planetary Spectroscopy Laboratory – Europlanet Outreach
    http://www.europlanet-eu.org/...tspot-for-understanding-venus-the-planetary-spectroscopy-laboratory/

    A new simulation facility at the Planetary Spectroscopy Laboratory of the German Aerospace Center (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt; DLR) could help revolutionise
    our understanding of the hot, hidden surface of Venus. The Planetary Spectroscopy Laboratory (PSL) can analyse rock samples similar to those found on the surface of Venus
    at temperatures up to 1000 degrees Celsius, enabling researchers to interpret accurately data acquired by space missions and ground-based observations.

    VIRGO
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    https://news.wsu.edu/2018/02/07/wsu-builds-nasa-alien-ocean/

    Engineers know how to design submarines on Earth, but building one gets a lot trickier when the temperature drops
    to -300 Fahrenheit and the ocean is made of methane and ethane.

    Washington State University researchers are working with NASA to determine how a submarine might work on Titan,
    the largest of Saturn’s many moons and the second largest in the solar system. The space agency plans to launch
    a real submarine into Titan seas in the next 20 years.

    The researchers re-created a Titan ocean in a laboratory. They have published a paper on their work in the journal,
    Fluid Phase Equilibria.

    VIRGO
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    Oběžná dráha kolem Slunce....ehm.....auta. :D
    Tohle před 10 lety říct někde na veřejnosti, ihned skončíte na izolovaném pavilonu psychiatrické léčebny! :-))

    Tesla Roadster orbit SpaceX launched by Falcon Heavy
    https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RH2tUmEjujw


    So Long, And Thanks for All the Fish!

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