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    TUHOKlimaticka zmena / Destroying the Future Is the Most Cost-Effective


    "Given the sheer enormity of climate change, it’s okay to be depressed, to grieve. But please, don’t stay there too long. Join me in pure, unadulterated, righteous anger."


    "I don’t want your hope. I don’t want you to be hopeful. I want you to panic. I want you to feel the fear I feel every day. And then I want you to act. Once you start to act, the hope is everywhere."

    "Our best scientists tell us insistently that a calamity is unfolding, that the life-support systems of the Earth are being damaged in ways that threaten our survival. Yet in the face of these facts we carry on as usual."

    “We’ve got to stop burning fossil fuels. So many aspects of life depend on fossil fuels, except for music and love and education and happiness. These things, which hardly use fossil fuels, are what we must focus on.”

    A nejde o to, že na to nemáme dostatečné technologie, ty by na řešení použít šly, ale chybí nám vůle a představivost je využít. Zůstáváme při zemi, přemýšlíme až moc rezervovaně. Technologický pokrok to sám o sobě nevyřeší. Problém jsme my, ne technologické nástroje.

    Rostouci hladiny oceanu, zmena atmosferickeho proudeni, zmeny v distribuci srazek a sucha. Zmeny karbonoveho, fosforoveho a dusikoveho cyklu, okyselovani oceanu. Jake jsou bezpecnostni rizika a jake potencialni klady dramatickych zmen fungovani zemskeho systemu?
    Ale take jak funguji masove dezinformacni kampane ropneho prumyslu a boj o verejne mineni na prahu noveho klimatickeho rezimu post-holocenu.
    rozbalit záhlaví
    SHEFIK
    SHEFIK --- ---
    Much chatter, little impact: Net zero reference slipped into German constitution - Euractiv
    https://www.euractiv.com/section/eet/news/germany-climate-law-legislation/

    BERLIN – As part of the deal over Germany's massive defence and infrastructure spending package, the Greens managed to write spending earmarks with a reference to climate neutrality into the country's constitution.

    Champions and critics of climate action alike have been trying to play up the significance of adding in a mention of Germany's 2045 net-zero goal, although legal experts largely see the change as lacking broader legal significance.

    The amendment to Article 143 of the Basic Law, Germany's constitution, allows for “a special fund with its own credit authorization for additional investments in infrastructure and for additional investments to achieve climate neutrality by 2045, with a volume of up to €500 billion.”

    One line in the paragraph specifically sets aside €100 billion in an off-budget special fund for climate projects toward bringing emissions down to net zero, a goal already set down in Germany's Climate Action Act.
    TUHO
    TUHO --- ---
    Germany’s Merz secures breakthrough on gargantuan spending plan
    The apparent deal with the Greens paves the way for up to €1 trillion in new spending for defense and infrastructure.

    Germany’s Merz secures breakthrough on gargantuan spending plan – POLITICO
    https://www.politico.eu/article/germanys-merz-secures-breakthrough-on-historic-spending-plan/
    TUHO
    TUHO --- ---
    Diana Urge-VorsatzDiana Urge-Vorsatz
    • 2nd • 2nd Vice Chair of the IPCC, Professor at Department of Environmental Sciences and Policy, Central European University
    2h • 2 hours ago

    After immensely hard work and many sleepless hours, the IPCC can be very proud to have the planned content of all the products of the Seventh Assessment hashtag#AR7 cycle agreed on.

    At the same time, I need to register my concerns about the future of both the IPCC as well as our global climate based on certain trends that the changes in the outlines signal.

    It is concerning that key words that formed the backbone of previous reports, assessments that were consistent and among the most used components of ARs cycle after cycle after cycle were not accepted to be included in the outlines.

    Key scientific concepts, such as hashtag#policies, hashtag#exPostEvaluation, hashtag#scenarios, hashtag#pathways, hashtag#infrastructure, national and subnational [policies], hashtag#lockin, hashtag#maladaptation, hashtag#targets, hashtag#goals, hashtag#NDCs, hashtag#fossilfuels, hashtag#subsidies, cost of inaction, hashtag#UNFCCC, hashtag#ParisAgreement, trade, conflict, market-based [instruments], non-state actors, hashtag#electrification, policy packages, acceleration, hashtag#overshoot, environmental impacts, hashtag#attribution, future emission trends, among others – have been questioned and either cut or replaced in many places, many of these key words do not appear any more in the outline of one WG.

    Some words, like the hashtag#ParisAgreement, acceleration, pathways, that form important parts of one working group’s agreed outline, were considered as too policy prescriptive in another working group and were excluded.

    In the cycle when we may officially exceed 1.5C global warming and thus the goal of the Agreement signed by virtually all governments, the IPCC will significantly compromise its policy relevance if it cannot focus its assessment, among all the other crucial topics well reflected in the outlines, also on knowledge and science related to NDCs, the Paris Agreement, accelerating not only adaptation but also mitigation action, comprehensive (and policy neutral) ex-post evaluation of policies.

    Without a robust assessment of the exponentially growing experience and knowledge on the topics relevant to our global efforts, we are jeopardizing the effectiveness of these crucial multilateral processes – that have so far taken us off of the worst climate pathways since the PA, and that have helped catalyse important achievements such as loss and damage funds and other financial instruments.

    We could also jeopardise the very existence of multilateralism about climate change. As already signalled by recent events and trends – if the perspectives and efforts of some parties are poorly reflected, if the relevance of IPCC reports to a crucial part of the global discourse is compromised – it is increasingly concerning how long some parties can still uphold their strong moral (and financial) commitment to not only IPCC but also the multilateral processes such as the UNFCCC, considering the shifts in preferences of their voters.

    This is a risk to all of us.

    Disclaimer: These are my personal views and not those of the IPCC
    TADEAS
    TADEAS --- ---
    CHOSIE: tady peng xiao (4. min) - konzervativni odhad je ze "svet potrebuje" 200-300 GW na training+inference

    Larry Fink and Peng Xiao on Financing AI Infrastructure
    https://youtu.be/YCusGTuXP94?si=O1jBMbgAbR34zUBp
    TUHO
    TUHO --- ---
    TADEAS: Jeste jsem necetl, nicmene odkladam si na tema

    Long before the current AI power panic, there was another panic about a new technology with an insatiable thirst for electricity: the internet.

    In 1999, Peter Huber and Mark Mills wrote an article for Forbes Magazine titled “Dig more coal -- the PCs are coming.” Reading that story today is eery in its similarities to the current moment. In the opening paragraph, the authors write, “Somewhere in America, a lump of coal is burned every time a book is ordered on-line.” They go on to cite statistics about the staggering growth of the internet: “Traffic on the Web has indeed been doubling every three months.” And then they make a prediction: “It’s now reasonable to project that half of the electric grid will be powering the digital-Internet economy within the next decade.”

    Huber and Mills were, of course, right in their prediction about the ubiquity and importance of the internet. The technology changed nearly everything about our society, economy, and politics. They were correct in predicting that internet traffic, adoption, and infrastructure would explode. And yet, their forecast for how much electricity demand would ensue was fantastically wrong.

    The Hidden Risks of Overestimating AI's Power Needs
    https://www.distilled.earth/p/the-hidden-risks-of-overestimating
    TUHO
    TUHO --- ---
    YMLADRIS: No, tak je to v tom clanku napsany.

    2.3. Conflict and negative emissions technologies
    Only recently has a first framework been constructed to elucidate the potential geopolitical dimensions of negative emissions technologies as a broad suite of large-scale energy production, resource usage, carbon storage, and land-use systems [58]. Direct air capture approaches rely on massive energy costs which could be coupled with either existing fossil-fuel or novel renewable infrastructures - possessing the potential to entrench or reorient the global carbon economy and its geopolitics [59,60]. Meanwhile, land-use approaches (large-scale forestry or agricultural management) by necessity entail heavy spatial and resource usage as well as pose inequities and trade-offs for the populations currently resident on or adjacent to the land [61]. Ocean based and marine carbon removal, and even the protection of coral reefs for ecosystem restoration, could also intersect with fisheries conflicts around the world [62].
    This deliberately geopolitical focus on various aspects of negative emissions and carbon removal is nascent, but raises issues highlighted by antecedent conflicts in global food systems. These studies cite land-grabs and ownership conflicts, the food versus ethanol dilemma (e.g. the 2005 global food crisis), “phantom commodities”, the consequences of shifting prices in one-resource economies, and other issues and challenges confronting rural, smallholder communities – often accompanied by the particular pressures experienced by indigenous populations, or in the global South [[63], [64], [65]]. Others cite extractive industries in energy and other natural resources as relevant antecedents, raising questions of hazardous siting and carbon infrastructure lock-in [66]. As carbon removal technologies and their related approaches are looking beyond the terrestrial and into coastal and oceanic environments, some are increasingly concerned that the same logics of exploitation and conflict more familiar in the former could be repeated [67,68].
    TADEAS
    TADEAS --- ---
    Climate startups button up for a post-election freeze
    https://pitchbook.com/news/articles/climate-startups-election-trump-inflation-reduction-act

    For the climate tech startups now navigating this stage, it’s going to be a rough six months. As the industry adjusts to a new energy policy regime under President-elect Donald Trump, there’ll be a chill in the air for project financing and major fundraising for companies in the line of fire.

    Potentially on the chopping block are key provisions of the US Inflation Reduction Act, the budget of the Department of Energy and Treasury guidelines on tax credits. Offshore wind and hydrogen projects are two areas that are thought by VCs to be especially precarious.

    And despite Trump’s cozy relationship with Tesla founder Elon Musk, the transition team is already planning to scrap a $7,500 EV tax credit for American consumers, according to Reuters.

    “It’s going to be challenging,” said Abe Yokell, managing partner at Congruent Ventures. “My general advice is, make sure you aren’t raising right now.”

    ...

    In the eight years since Trump’s first victory, early-stage investing in climate tech has become mainstream, as specialists like Breakthrough Energy Ventures and Lowercarbon Capital made their names on Sand Hill Road, bringing generalists along with them into climate rounds.

    Huge amounts of capital have flowed into infrastructure funds dedicated to the energy transition, driven by pressure from pension holders and students as well as a belief that the energy transition is a lucrative investment.

    “Most new infrastructure is clean infrastructure now,” said Yokell. Energy transition infrastructure funds raised $33.5 billion in 2024, compared to $9.5 billion for non-energy transition infrastructure funds, according to PitchBook research.

    Institutional investors think in decades, not in single election cycles.

    Plus, much of the climate policy cemented by the Biden administration has bipartisan support: namely, creating more resilient supply chains, nearshoring critical minerals production and creating clean-energy jobs in battleground states.

    Trump’s calls to deregulate and reduce permitting roadblocks may help clean energy projects in the long run, especially for new nuclear technologies that have been bogged down in red tape.

    For Yokell, there’s a strong case to stay bullish on climate-friendly projects:

    “There will be some collateral damage environmentally, which I’m not excited about, but the lack of regulations will in fact allow for a lot of clean infrastructure to be built.”
    TADEAS
    TADEAS --- ---
    Revealed: how the fossil fuel industry helps spread anti-protest laws across the US | Protest | The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/us-news/2024/sep/26/anti-protest-laws-fossil-fuel-lobby

    Records obtained by the Guardian show that lobbyists working for major North American oil and gas companies were key architects of anti-protest laws that increase penalties and could lead to non-violent environmental and climate activists being imprisoned up to 10 years.

    Emails between fossil fuel lobbyists and lawmakers in Utah, West Virginia, Idaho and Ohio suggest a nationwide strategy to deter people frustrated by government failure to tackle the climate crisis from peacefully disrupting the expansion of fossil fuel infrastructure by enacting tough laws with lengthy jail sentences.

    “Draft bill attached,” wrote a lobbyist representing two influential fossil fuel trade groups to the lead counsel for the West Virginia state energy committee in January 2020.

    The law, which carries a maximum 10-year prison sentence, was later used to charge at least eight peaceful climate protesters including six senior citizens.

    Amid ongoing record oil and gas expansion in the US, activists say they have turned to protests and non-violent civil disobedience such as blocking roads and chaining themselves to trees, machinery and equipment as a way to slow down construction, raise public awareness, and press for more urgent climate action by governments and corporations.
    TADEAS
    TADEAS --- ---
    XCHAOS: the Biden administration confirmed that developing large-scale AI data centers is a priority, announcing "a new Task Force on AI Datacenter Infrastructure to coordinate policy across government

    microsoft stargate - 5 gw do r. 2029, openai chce 5-7 5gw datacenter. good luck ,)
    YMLADRIS
    YMLADRIS --- ---
    YMLADRIS: google smr

    Alphabet CEO Sundar Pichai says Google are scaling up their compute infrastructure and working on 1 gigawatt+ data centers, while exploring options for powering them including small modular nuclear reactors
    CHOSIE
    CHOSIE --- ---
    PALEONTOLOG: Třeba to za zkoušku stojí, má-li to význam z hlediska energie a infrastruktury (čímž bych i narážel na dostupnost fosilních paliv ať už pro vybudování/transport, nebo samotnou produkci syntetických hnojiv aj.), kratším obdobím růstu. Faktem, že se permafrost nachází hlavně v oblastech jako je Russkiy mir, Kanada, nebo USA (tj. geopolitický faktor - budeme mít jako EU dobré vztahy apod.).

    Jinak nejde jen o neúrodnost, ale pokud se nepletu je ta půda plná toxických těžkých kovů (např. rtuti) a taktéž je zde riziko virů. Nicméně hlavním faktorem permafrostu je to ohromné množství sklenníkových plynů uložených v něm.

    Samotné tání bude trvat dost dlouho (tedy, snad?) a ta půda bude neustále v pohybu, včetně explozí a následných metanových kráterů. No, není to zrovna přívětivé prostředí pro zemědělství ať se na to podíváme jakkoliv.

    A posledně k tomuto tématu, vůbec nevíme jaké čekat teplotní výkyvy, srážky,.. no to je spjaté se zmíněným prouděním v bodech, které TUHO sdílel.
    As a consequence of global warming and human-induced climate
    change, the thawing of permafrost not only contributes to global
    greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and warming, but also poses
    substantial risks to both local ecosystems and human communities in
    affected regions

    Considering the cold winters and short, cool summers, the presence
    of permafrost affects the availability of arable land and the growing
    season for crops, making agriculture challenging. While climatedriven northward expansion of agriculture increasingly provides
    new food sources, little is known about the effectiveness, feasibility
    and risks in cultivation-permafrost interactions.

    Thawing permafrost also releases contaminants, including
    mercury, into the environment. This negatively
    impacts water quality in Arctic rivers and lakes, leading to potential
    risks to human health through contaminated food chains and drinking
    water sources.

    Beyond its ecological consequences, permafrost thaw has significant
    implications for the infrastructure built on permafrost soil. As the
    ground becomes unstable, buildings, roads, pipelines, water facilities,
    and communication systems are damaged and hazardous substances mobilised

    Up to 80 per cent of infrastructure elements
    show substantial infrastructure damage and 70 per cent of current
    infrastructure in the permafrost domain is in areas with high potential
    for thaw by 2050
    https://global-tipping-points.org/

    TADEAS
    TADEAS --- ---
    názor

    Is private capital the missing piece in $125 trillion energy-transition puzzle?
    https://pitchbook.com/news/articles/is-private-capital-the-missing-piece-in-125-trillion-energy-transition-puzzle

    The UK is almost a microcosm of a worldwide energy transition quandary—where the amount of investment needed, globally, is closer to $125 trillion. While each market faces its unique set of circumstances and advantages, the same structural trends and questions remain: Where do we get the money?

    That dilemma can be seen in two ways. First, there’s the question of how to fund new sources of renewable energy and build the accompanying storage infrastructure to support those new sources. Second, the world must modernize power grids to handle more demand stemming from things like the proliferation of electric vehicle charging networks and power-hungry data centers fueling digitalization and AI adoption.

    ...

    Private capital has already honed in on the world’s growing energy need, with several of the largest managers launching strategies targeting energy infrastructure. For example, KKR is currently in the market with a $7 billion fund targeting energy transition investments. As of April, Blackstone had raised $1 billion for its latest energy transition vehicle.

    While fundraising activity has dipped in the past year, infrastructure investors are sitting on about $334 billion of dry powder. PitchBook data shows that the total capital raised by infrastructure funds reached a peak in 2022 with about $138.5 billion raised across 122 globally. The previous year, 2021, saw a peak in the total number of fund closes, with 146 closing on $132.7 billion.

    ...

    Two of the largest fundraising hauls came at the end of the 2023, with Brookfield Asset Management gathering $28 billion for its fifth infrastructure fund in December. Around the same time, the United Arab Emirates announced $30 billion vehicle with the backing of BlackRock, TPG and Brookfield.

    ...

    “Society depends on a digital economy and it wants very clearly an economy where energy is abundant and cleaner, and this creates great investment opportunities,” he said. “The private capital sector is extremely well positioned to meet those demands and the government’s role is not to fund it, but to put the right playing field in place.”
    CHOSIE
    CHOSIE --- ---
    Metacrisis: Getting Honest About the Human Predicament
    The world is in metacrisis. That means that many crises are occurring simultaneously and affecting one another.

    Attention must be placed first on the whole, not on the parts. That includes the natural world. It is the source of the resources including food that support human survival and prosperity. Disregarding the effects of our actions on nature is among the principal reasons for the metacrisis.

    --

    Even in the narrow case that only considers emissions, there is no evidence that the renewable energy transition has changed their upward trajectory despite thirty-six international climate conferences and trillions of dollars of investment over the last forty years.

    In fact, there is no evidence that an energy transition exists. Energy consumption and population continue to increase every year.

    --

    Growth is the problem. Carbon emissions are a consequence of the growth in energy consumption that has enabled the growth in human population and economic activity.

    As long as energy use continues to increase, efforts to limit carbon emissions will be negligible, and temperature will rise.

    Growth is also the root cause of the ongoing crisis of the natural world. Populations of mammals, birds, amphibians, reptiles, and fish have declined by an average of 69% since 1970.

    --

    The global financial system is highly interconnected, meaning a crisis in one region can quickly spread to others. Financial institutions and markets are increasingly reliant on digital infrastructure, making them vulnerable to cyber-attacks.

    Those who believe that a renewable energy transition is possible seem to ignore that carbon emissions, GDP, population and society’s ecological footprint all correlate with energy consumption. That means that there is a cost for lower emissions.

    Unless the future is somehow completely different from the past and present, the only solution to climate change and overshooting our planetary boundaries is a radical reduction in energy consumption. Lower economic growth and a lower population will be unavoidable components of a renewable energy future. That’s not part of the transition narrative, and is a non-starter for most people and political leaders.

    --

    We need a holistic approach, one that moves fluidly from the whole to the parts and back again. Otherwise, we’re simply shifting problems around, likely making everything worse in the process.


    Metacrisis: Getting Honest About the Human Predicament | Art Berman
    https://www.artberman.com/blog/metacrisis-getting-honest-about-the-human-predicament/
    TADEAS
    TADEAS --- ---
    Climate activists across Europe block access to North Sea oil infrastructure | Environmental activism | The Guardian
    https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2024/mar/16/climate-activists-across-europe-block-access-to-north-sea-oil-infrastructure
    TUHO
    TUHO --- ---
    Europe is the fastest warming continent in the world, and climate risks are threatening its energy and food security, ecosystems, infrastructure, water resources, financial stability, and people’s health. According to the European Environment Agency’s (EEA) assessment, published today, many of these risks have already reached critical levels and could become catastrophic without urgent and decisive action.

    Europe is not prepared for rapidly growing climate risks
    https://www.eea.europa.eu/en/newsroom/news/europe-is-not-prepared-for
    TADEAS
    TADEAS --- ---
    climate minsky moment

    důchody v ohrožení .)


    Minsky moment: are pension assets at risk due to flawed climate analysis? | Netzeroinvestor
    https://www.netzeroinvestor.net/news-and-views/are-millions-of-pensions-at-risk-due-to-flawed-climate-analysis

    Widespread reliance on flawed research generates a disconnect between current investment decision making, which assumes relatively trivial impacts from climate change, and the likely real-world effects of global warming, Keen warned.

    "To ensure that the world moves into a new climate secure energy system, it’s crucial pension schemes send the market the right investment signals,” said Mark Campanale, the founder of Carbon Tracker.

    “The signal has to be that a swift, orderly transition is in everyone’s financial interests, particularly for scheme beneficiaries.”

    However, the relationship between economics, climate science and assessing financial risk is not a “comfortable one,” he continued, adding that “the advice pension schemes are receiving risks trivialising the potentially huge damage climate change will have to asset values."

    Campanale stressed that “these flawed climate risk models” are used throughout the financial system, lulling economic decision makers, from pension funds to central banks, into a false sense of security.

    “The result is cavalier positions such as US Federal Reserve Board Governor Christopher Waller who announced: ‘Climate change is real, but I do not believe it poses a serious risk to the safety and soundness of large banks or the financial stability of the United States’,” he said.

    The report issues a direct warning to asset owners for the serious prospect of an “unpleasant, abrupt and wealth destroying” so-called “Climate Minsky moment” with a sudden collapse in asset values as financial markets wake up to the gap between mainstream economist forecasts and the reality of climate impacts.

    Keen, who is also the former head of the School of Economics, History and Politics at Kingston University, London, contrasts scientists’ empirical research with predictions by climate economists that are “a ‘hunch’ based on rather spurious assumptions for global warming, which have been used to generate equally spurious estimates of damages to future GDP.”

    He underscored that global warming, at less than 1.5°C, is already affecting people and companies across the planet, pointing at record heatwaves, floods, and intensifying storms as they halt commerce, damage crops, create uninsurable areas, and impair infrastructure.

    Keen singled out scientific research which finds that exceeding the 1.5°C Paris target would be “dangerous”, passing 3°C would be “catastrophic”, and reaching 5°C will be “beyond catastrophic, raising existential threats”.

    Yet, despite scientific predictions, a survey of 738 climate economics papers in a number of top academic journals found the median prediction of economists was that 3°C of warming would reduce global GDP by just 5%, and warming of 5°C would see a 10% reduction.

    ...

    The researchers singled out investment managers and consultants such as Aon Hewitt, Hymans Robertson and Mercer as they "continue to rely on flawed research" when they advise pension funds on the impacts of global warming on members’ portfolios.

    For example, Mercer, in advice to Australian fund HESTA predicts only a -17% portfolio impact by 2100 in a 4°C scenario. It states that its model primarily reflects coastal flood damage and does not take account of climate tipping points.

    Mercer also advises LGPS Central, which manages £28.5 billion of retirement savings for a million members of Local Government Pension Schemes in the UK.

    One of these schemes, Shropshire County Pension Fund, told members that a trajectory leading to 4°C by 2100 would only reduce annual returns by 0.06% in 2030 and 0.1% by 2050, saying that it relied on LGPS Central for information.

    Moreover, in a 2022 report, Australian superannuation firm Unisuper concluded that even in a “worst case scenario” involving a 4.3°C increase in global temperatures by 2100, “the overall risk to our portfolio is acceptable.”

    “Each layer in the process of assessing the risks of climate change has assumed that the previous layer has done its job adequately, and has relied on the previous layers reputation, rather than scrutiny of the work undertaken," explained Professor Keen.

    “Pension funds rely upon consultants because of their reputation in the field; consultants rely upon academic economists, because their papers had passed academic refereeing,” he added.

    “The final impact is a series of flawed economic assumptions informing pensions’ decision making.”
    YMLADRIS
    YMLADRIS --- ---
    XCHAOS: myslí se, se aerosoly jsou fakt problematický nápad (viz video od kurzgesagtu "geoengineering") ale že se to stejně udělá, protože je to mnohem levnější než carbon capture nebo vypnout fosil.

    Paleontolog zas napíše že přece kyselé deště nikdo nechce, LOL

    --

    https://twitter.com/skdh/status/1741005047679328595
    Sabine

    When is it going to happen? Guessing at around the time warming creeps from 2.0 to 2.5 with 3.0 in sight which I suspect will happen much sooner than the IPCC projections might lead you to expect, probably before 2040.

    First thing to happen is that some country, most likely the USA will pull an emergency break by spraying aerosols in the atmosphere. Why the USA? Because they (a) are naturally in a location with more climate extremes than Europe and by 2.5 degrees of warming their economic losses will be painful, (b) they have the money and the infrastructure to make it happen, and (c) the whole world-leading and pioneering thing is totally in American character.
    YMLADRIS
    YMLADRIS --- ---
    https://twitter.com/skdh/status/1741005047679328595

    Sabine je fyzička, janevim no, IMHO tým aerosols vypadá teď nejvíc plausible

    When is it going to happen? Guessing at around the time warming creeps from 2.0 to 2.5 with 3.0 in sight which I suspect will happen much sooner than the IPCC projections might lead you to expect, probably before 2040.

    First thing to happen is that some country, most likely the USA will pull an emergency break by spraying aerosols in the atmosphere. Why the USA? Because they (a) are naturally in a location with more climate extremes than Europe and by 2.5 degrees of warming their economic losses will be painful, (b) they have the money and the infrastructure to make it happen, and (c) the whole world-leading and pioneering thing is totally in American character.
    SHEFIK
    SHEFIK --- ---
    Green world, renewables and watwr world

    Kazakhstan addresses the climate change challenge – EURACTIV.com
    https://www.euractiv.com/section/central-asia/news/kazakhstan-addresses-the-climate-change-challenge/

    Kazakhstan generates more than 70% of its electricity from its abundant coal resources, which is among the cheapest to produce in the world, but the country has big green ambitions to move away from its dependency on fossil fuels.

    ...

    According to a World Bank report, temperatures in Kazakhstan are projected to rise faster than the global average and most other Asian countries, with a potential warming of 5.3°C by the 2090s, a risk that is increasingly being considered by citizens and lawmakers alike.

    ...

    The region has experienced several tensions over using existing water infrastructure, such as the floods in southern Kazakhstan in the winter of 2003.

    Kazakhstan then failed to deliver coal to upstream Kyrgyzstan, which had to release water from the Toktogul dam to generate electricity, causing massive flooding in downstream Kazakhstan and prompting an emergency meeting between the two countries presidents.
    SHEFIK
    SHEFIK --- ---
    CR prekvapuje

    Embodied carbon: Addressing now the hidden carbon cost of our buildings – EURACTIV.com
    https://www.euractiv.com/section/energy/opinion/embodied-carbon-addressing-now-the-hidden-carbon-cost-of-our-buildings/

    Germany has recently tied whole life carbon limit values to receiving public subsidies for new buildings, while Spain, Ireland, and Czechia are developing the data infrastructure necessary for benchmarking and informing future building regulation.

    But it’s at the EU level that serious action must be taken to save the Paris climate goals using the policy tools we already have.
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