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Wild-fire fire-breathing thunderstorms.Doporucuju fotodokumentaci
Fire-Breathing Smoke Storms Punch High Into the Atmosphere | Discover Magazinehttps://www.discovermagazine.com/environment/fire-breathing-smoke-storms-punch-high-into-the-atmosphereAs is evident from the image above and others that follow, these pyrocumulonimbus clouds, or pyroCbs, offer a visually dramatic reminder of just how extreme wildfire behavior can get. But they are significant for other reasons as well.
PyroCbs can hurl barrages of lightning bolts to the ground, triggering even more wildfires. They also can help spread harmful particulate pollution far and wide, and even drive smoke into the stratosphere, five to seven miles above Earth's surface. Here, the smoke can actually influence the global climate, recent research has shown.
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It has long been known that pyrocumulonimbus clouds rise up from volcanic eruptions and nuclear explosions. But the first scientific confirmation of a pyroCb erupting from a wildfire didn't come until the year 2000.
As the climate has warmed, and wildfire activity has intensified, pyroCbs have grown larger and more frequent, with record-breaking events in 2017, 2019, 2020 and 2021. In that latter year, an early and unusually warm fire season produced particularly scary pyroCb outbreaks.
On July 16 of that year, an astonishing 10 pyroCbs blew up along the Saskatchewan-Manitoba border in Canada. Up until that point, this was a greater number than scientists had ever observed in North America on a single day since satellite tracking began in 2013, according to NASA.
The outbreak came just two weeks after a monster pyroCb astonished scientists. It happened as a storm cell grew above a wildfire in British Columbia and spread across more than 62,000 square miles. That's an area slightly larger than the state of Georgia. This gargantuan cloud propelled a chimney of smoke into the stratosphere, as high as 10 miles up.
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The North American Lightning Detection Network recorded nearly 113,000 cloud-to-ground lightning strokes during the event, a large amount for a storm in Canada," according to NASA. "One meteorologist calculated that this one pyroCb event produced about 5 percent of Canada’s total annual lightning all at once."